Added configurable API throttling, Handled API errors standardly

.env.example.complete

@@ -260,4 +260,7 @@ ALLOW_ROBOTS=null
 
 # The default and maximum item-counts for listing API requests.
 API_DEFAULT_ITEM_COUNT=100
-API_MAX_ITEM_COUNT=500
+API_MAX_ITEM_COUNT=500
+
+# The number of API requests that can be made per minute by a single user.
+API_REQUESTS_PER_MIN=180

app/Config/api.php

@@ -17,4 +17,7 @@ return [
     // The maximum number of items that can be returned in a listing API request.
     'max_item_count' => env('API_MAX_ITEM_COUNT', 500),
 
+    // The number of API requests that can be made per minute by a single user.
+    'requests_per_minute' => env('API_REQUESTS_PER_MIN', 180)
+
 ];

app/Exceptions/Handler.php

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ use Illuminate\Auth\Access\AuthorizationException;
 use Illuminate\Auth\AuthenticationException;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ModelNotFoundException;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Exceptions\Handler as ExceptionHandler;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Http\Response;
 use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 use Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\HttpException;
 use Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\NotFoundHttpException;
@@ -47,6 +50,10 @@ class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
      */
     public function render($request, Exception $e)
     {
+        if ($this->isApiRequest($request)) {
+            return $this->renderApiException($e);
+        }
+
         // Handle notify exceptions which will redirect to the
         // specified location then show a notification message.
         if ($this->isExceptionType($e, NotifyException::class)) {
@@ -70,6 +77,41 @@ class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
         return parent::render($request, $e);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Check if the given request is an API request.
+     */
+    protected function isApiRequest(Request $request): bool
+    {
+        return strpos($request->path(), 'api/') === 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Render an exception when the API is in use.
+     */
+    protected function renderApiException(Exception $e): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $code = $e->getCode() === 0 ? 500 : $e->getCode();
+        $headers = [];
+        if ($e instanceof HttpException) {
+            $code = $e->getStatusCode();
+            $headers = $e->getHeaders();
+        }
+
+        $responseData = [
+            'error' => [
+                'message' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]
+        ];
+
+        if ($e instanceof ValidationException) {
+            $responseData['error']['validation'] = $e->errors();
+            $code = $e->status;
+        }
+
+        $responseData['error']['code'] = $code;
+        return new JsonResponse($responseData, $code, $headers);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Check the exception chain to compare against the original exception type.
      * @param Exception $e

app/Http/Kernel.php

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class Kernel extends HttpKernel
             \BookStack\Http\Middleware\GlobalViewData::class,
         ],
         'api' => [
-            'throttle:60,1',
+            \BookStack\Http\Middleware\ThrottleApiRequests::class,
             \BookStack\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
             \BookStack\Http\Middleware\StartSessionIfCookieExists::class,
             \BookStack\Http\Middleware\ApiAuthenticate::class,

app/Http/Middleware/ThrottleApiRequests.php

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace BookStack\Http\Middleware;
+
+use Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests as Middleware;
+
+class ThrottleApiRequests extends Middleware
+{
+
+    /**
+     * Resolve the number of attempts if the user is authenticated or not.
+     */
+    protected function resolveMaxAttempts($request, $maxAttempts)
+    {
+        return (int) config('api.requests_per_minute');
+    }
+
+}

phpunit.xml

@@ -50,5 +50,6 @@
         <server name="APP_URL" value="http://bookstack.dev"/>
         <server name="DEBUGBAR_ENABLED" value="false"/>
         <server name="SAML2_ENABLED" value="false"/>
+        <server name="API_REQUESTS_PER_MIN" value="180"/>
     </php>
 </phpunit>

tests/Api/ApiAuthTest.php

@@ -120,4 +120,29 @@ class ApiAuthTest extends TestCase
         $resp->assertJson($this->errorResponse("The email address for the account in use needs to be confirmed", 401));
     }
 
+    public function test_rate_limit_headers_active_on_requests()
+    {
+        $resp = $this->actingAsApiEditor()->get($this->endpoint);
+        $resp->assertHeader('x-ratelimit-limit', 180);
+        $resp->assertHeader('x-ratelimit-remaining', 179);
+        $resp = $this->actingAsApiEditor()->get($this->endpoint);
+        $resp->assertHeader('x-ratelimit-remaining', 178);
+    }
+
+    public function test_rate_limit_hit_gives_json_error()
+    {
+        config()->set(['api.requests_per_minute' => 1]);
+        $resp = $this->actingAsApiEditor()->get($this->endpoint);
+        $resp->assertStatus(200);
+
+        $resp = $this->actingAsApiEditor()->get($this->endpoint);
+        $resp->assertStatus(429);
+        $resp->assertHeader('x-ratelimit-remaining', 0);
+        $resp->assertHeader('retry-after');
+        $resp->assertJson([
+            'error' => [
+                'code' => 429,
+            ]
+        ]);
+    }
 }

tests/Api/ApiConfigTest.php

@@ -44,4 +44,15 @@ class ApiConfigTest extends TestCase
         $resp->assertJsonCount(2, 'data');
     }
 
+    public function test_requests_per_min_alters_rate_limit()
+    {
+        $resp = $this->actingAsApiEditor()->get($this->endpoint);
+        $resp->assertHeader('x-ratelimit-limit', 180);
+
+        config()->set(['api.requests_per_minute' => 10]);
+
+        $resp = $this->actingAsApiEditor()->get($this->endpoint);
+        $resp->assertHeader('x-ratelimit-limit', 10);
+    }
+
 }

tests/Api/BooksApiTest.php

@@ -38,6 +38,26 @@ class BooksApiTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertActivityExists('book_create', $newItem);
     }
 
+    public function test_book_name_needed_to_create()
+    {
+        $this->actingAsApiEditor();
+        $details = [
+            'description' => 'A book created via the API',
+        ];
+
+        $resp = $this->postJson($this->baseEndpoint, $details);
+        $resp->assertStatus(422);
+        $resp->assertJson([
+            "error" => [
+                "message" => "The given data was invalid.",
+                "validation" => [
+                    "name" => ["The name field is required."]
+                ],
+                "code" => 422,
+            ],
+        ]);
+    }
+
     public function test_read_endpoint()
     {
         $this->actingAsApiEditor();