mirror of
https://github.com/instaloader/instaloader.git
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The presence of a sessionfile avoids the usage of the failure-prone login mechanism. This commit addresses a suggestion in #615 to store the sessionfile in a persistent path rather than a path within a temporary directory if no --sessionfile parameter is given. The default path is now: $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/instaloader/session-USERNAME or ~/.config/instaloader/session-USERNAME on Unix, %LOCALAPPDATA%\Instaloader\session-USERNAME on Windows. If no file exists in the new path, Instaloader tries loading from the path where the sessionfile was stored before this commit, hence it automatically migrates to the new sessionfile path.
318 lines
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ReStructuredText
318 lines
11 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. meta::
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:description:
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How to download pictures from Instagram. Description of basic
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usage of Instaloader, free tool to download photos from public
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and private profiles, hashtags, stories, feeds, saved media, and
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their metadata, comments and captions.
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.. _download-pictures-from-instagram:
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Download Pictures from Instagram
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---------------------------------
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.. highlight:: none
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Here we describe how to use Instaloader to download pictures from Instagram. If
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you do not have Instaloader installed yet, see :ref:`install`.
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.. NOTE that Section "Basic Usage" is duplicated in README.rst.
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Basic Usage
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^^^^^^^^^^^
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To **download all pictures and videos of a profile**, as well as the
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**profile picture**, do
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::
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instaloader profile [profile ...]
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where ``profile`` is the name of a profile you want to download. Instead
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of only one profile, you may also specify a list of profiles.
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To later **update your local copy** of that profiles, you may run
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::
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instaloader --fast-update profile [profile ...]
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If :option:`--fast-update` is given, Instaloader stops when arriving at the
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first already-downloaded picture.
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When updating profiles, Instaloader
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automatically **detects profile name changes** and renames the target directory
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accordingly.
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Instaloader can also be used to **download private profiles**. To do so,
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invoke it with
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::
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instaloader --login=your_username profile [profile ...]
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When logging in, Instaloader **stores the session cookies** in a file in your
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home directory, which will be reused later the next time :option:`--login`
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is given. So you can download private profiles **non-interactively** when you
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already have a valid session cookie file.
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.. _what-to-download:
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What to Download
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. targets-start
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Instaloader supports the following targets:
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- ``profile``
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Public profile, or private profile with :option:`--login`.
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If an already-downloaded profile has been renamed, Instaloader automatically
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finds it by its unique ID and renames the folder accordingly.
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Besides the profile's posts, its current profile picture is downloaded. For
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each profile you download,
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- :option:`--stories`
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instructs Instaloader to also **download the user's stories**,
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- :option:`--highlights`
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to **download highlights of each profile that is downloaded**,
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- :option:`--tagged`
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to **download posts where the user is tagged**, and
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- :option:`--igtv`
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to **download IGTV videos**.
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- ``"#hashtag"``
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Posts with a certain **hashtag** (the quotes are usually necessary),
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- ``%location id``
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Posts tagged with a given location; the location ID is the numerical ID
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Instagram labels a location with (e.g.
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\https://www.instagram.com/explore/locations/**362629379**/plymouth-naval-memorial/).
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Requires :option:`--login`.
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.. versionadded:: 4.2
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- ``:stories``
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The currently-visible **stories** of your followees (requires
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:option:`--login`),
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- ``:feed``
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Your **feed** (requires :option:`--login`),
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- ``:saved``
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Posts which are marked as **saved** (requires :option:`--login`),
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- ``@profile``
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All profiles that are followed by ``profile``, i.e. the *followees* of
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``profile`` (requires :option:`--login`).
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- ``-post``
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The single **post** with the given shortcode. Must be preceeded by ``--`` in
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the argument list to not be mistaken as an option flag.
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.. versionadded:: 4.1
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.. targets-end
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Instaloader goes through all media matching the specified targets and
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downloads the pictures and videos and their captions. You can specify
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- :option:`--comments`
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also **download comments** of each post,
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- :option:`--geotags`
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**download geotags** of each post and save them as
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Google Maps link (requires :option:`--login`),
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For a reference of all supported command line options, see
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:ref:`command-line-options`.
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.. _filename-specification:
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Filename Specification
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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For each target, Instaloader creates a directory named after the target,
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i.e. ``profile``, ``#hashtag``, ``%location id``, ``:feed``, etc. and therein saves the
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posts in files named after the post's timestamp.
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:option:`--dirname-pattern` allows to configure the directory name of each
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target. The default is ``--dirname-pattern={target}``. In the dirname
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pattern, the token ``{target}`` is replaced by the target name, and
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``{profile}`` is replaced by the owner of the post which is downloaded.
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:option:`--filename-pattern` configures the path of the post's files relative
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to the target directory that is specified with :option:`--dirname-pattern`.
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The default is ``--filename-pattern={date_utc}_UTC``.
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The tokens ``{target}`` and ``{profile}`` are replaced like in the
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dirname pattern. The following tokens are defined for usage with
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:option:`--filename-pattern`:
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- ``{target}``
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Target name (as given in Instaloader command line)
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- ``{profile}`` (same as ``{owner_username}``)
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Owner of the Post / StoryItem.
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- ``{owner_id}``
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Unique integer ID of owner profile.
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- ``{shortcode}``
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Shortcode (identifier string).
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- ``{mediaid}``
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Integer representation of shortcode.
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- ``{date_utc}`` (same as ``{date}``)
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Creation time in UTC timezone.
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`strftime()-style formatting options <https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#strftime-and-strptime-behavior>`__
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are supported as format specifier. The default date format specifier used by
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Instaloader is::
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{date_utc:%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S}
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For example, encode the poster's profile name in the filenames with::
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instaloader --filename-pattern={date_utc}_UTC_{profile} "#hashtag"
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As another example, you may instruct Instaloader to store posts in a
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``PROFILE/YEAR/SHORTCODE.jpg`` directory structure::
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instaloader --dirname-pattern={profile} --filename-pattern={date_utc:%Y}/{shortcode} <target> ...
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.. _filter-posts:
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Filter Posts
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^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. py:currentmodule:: instaloader
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The options :option:`--post-filter` and :option:`--storyitem-filter`
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allows to specify criteria that posts or story items have to
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meet to be downloaded. If not given, all posts are downloaded.
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The filter string must be a
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`Python boolean expression <https://docs.python.org/3/reference/expressions.html#boolean-operations>`__
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where the attributes from :class:`Post` or
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:class:`StoryItem` respectively are defined.
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Id est, the following attributes can be used with both
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:option:`--post-filter` and :option:`--storyitem-filter`:
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- :attr:`~Post.owner_username` (str), :attr:`~Post.owner_id` (int)
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Owner profile username / userid.
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- :attr:`~Post.date_utc` (datetime), :attr:`~Post.date_local` (datetime)
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Creation timestamp. Since :class:`~datetime.datetime` objects can be created
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inside filter strings, this easily allows filtering by creation date. E.g.::
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instaloader --post-filter="date_utc <= datetime(2018, 5, 31)" target
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- :attr:`~Post.is_video` (bool)
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Post/StoryItem is a video. For example, you may skip videos::
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instaloader --post-filter="not is_video" target
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This is not the same as :option:`--no-videos` and
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:option:`--no-video-thumbnails`, since sidecar posts (posts that contain
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multiple pictures/videos in one post) have this attribute set to False.
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As :option:`--post-filter`, the following attributes can be used additionally:
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- :attr:`~Post.viewer_has_liked` (bool)
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Whether user (with :option:`--login`) has liked given post. To download the
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pictures from your feed that you have liked::
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instaloader --login=your_username --post-filter=viewer_has_liked :feed
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- :attr:`~Post.likes` (int), :attr:`~Post.comments` (int)
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Likes count / Comments count. You might only want to download posts that
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either you liked or were liked by many others**::
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instaloader --login=your_username --post-filter="likes>100 or viewer_has_liked" profile
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- :attr:`~Post.caption_hashtags` (list of str) / :attr:`~Post.caption_mentions` (list of str)
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``#hashtags`` or ``@mentions`` (lowercased) in the Post's caption. For example, to
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download posts of kittens that are cute::
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instaloader --post-filter="'cute' in caption_hashtags" "#kitten"
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- :attr:`~Post.tagged_users` (list of str)
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Lowercased usernames that are tagged in the Post.
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For :option:`--storyitem-filter`, the following additional attributes are
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defined:
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- :attr:`~StoryItem.expiring_utc` (datetime) / :attr:`~StoryItem.expiring_local` (datetime)
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Timestamp when StoryItem will get unavailable.
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.. _metadata-text-files:
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Metadata Text Files
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Unless :option:`--no-captions` is given, Instaloader creates a ``.txt`` file
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along with each post where the Post's caption is saved.
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You can customize what metadata to save for each Post or StoryItem with
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:option:`--post-metadata-txt` and :option:`--storyitem-metadata-txt`. The
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default is ``--post-metadata-txt={caption}`` and no storyitem metadata txt.
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These strings are formatted similar as in the :ref:`filename-specification` and
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the result is saved in text files, unless it is empty.
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Specifying these options multiple times results in output having multiple lines,
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in the order they were given to Instaloader.
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The field names are evaluated to :class:`Post` or :class:`StoryItem` attributes,
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and as such, the same fields are supported as in :ref:`filename-specification`
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and :ref:`filter-posts`.
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For example, to save the current number of likes for each post, rather than
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the post's caption::
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instaloader --post-metadata-txt="{likes} likes." <target>
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Note that with this feature, it is possible to easily and fastly extract
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additional metadata of already-downloaded posts, by reimporting their JSON
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files. Say, you now also want to export the number of comments the Posts had
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when they were downloaded::
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instaloader --post-metadata-txt="{likes} likes, {comments} comments." <target>/*.json.xz
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.. _instaloader-as-cronjob:
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Instaloader as Cronjob
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Instaloader is suitable for running as a cronjob to periodically update your
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personal Instagram archive. The :option:`--quiet` option disables user
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interactions and logging of non-error messages. To non-interactively use
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Instaloader logged-in, create a session file::
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instaloader --login=your_username
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Then use the same parameter in your cronjob to load the session and download
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the given targets::
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instaloader --login=your_username --quiet <target> [...]
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Instaloader saves the session file to
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``~/.config/instaloader/session-YOUR-USERNAME``. See
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:option:`--sessionfile` option for how to override this path.
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Programming Instaloader
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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If your task cannot be done with the command line interface of Instaloader,
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consider taking a look at the :ref:`python-module-instaloader`.
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Instaloader exposes its internally used methods and structures, making it a
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powerful and intuitive Python API for Instagram, allowing to further customize
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obtaining media and metadata.
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Also see :ref:`codesnippets`, where we collect example scripts that use
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Instaloader to achieve more complex tasks.
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