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yt-dlp/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
pukkandan fe7866d0ed
Add option --use-extractors 
Deprecates `--force-generic-extractor`

Closes #3234, Closes #2044

Related: #4307, #1791
2022-08-24 07:47:51 +05:30

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import base64
import collections
import getpass
import hashlib
import http.client
import http.cookiejar
import http.cookies
import itertools
import json
import math
import netrc
import os
import random
import re
import sys
import time
import types
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request
import xml.etree.ElementTree
from ..compat import functools # isort: split
from ..compat import compat_etree_fromstring, compat_expanduser, compat_os_name
from ..downloader import FileDownloader
from ..downloader.f4m import get_base_url, remove_encrypted_media
from ..utils import (
IDENTITY,
JSON_LD_RE,
NO_DEFAULT,
ExtractorError,
GeoRestrictedError,
GeoUtils,
LenientJSONDecoder,
RegexNotFoundError,
RetryManager,
UnsupportedError,
age_restricted,
base_url,
bug_reports_message,
classproperty,
clean_html,
determine_ext,
determine_protocol,
dict_get,
encode_data_uri,
error_to_compat_str,
extract_attributes,
filter_dict,
fix_xml_ampersands,
float_or_none,
format_field,
int_or_none,
join_nonempty,
js_to_json,
mimetype2ext,
network_exceptions,
orderedSet,
parse_bitrate,
parse_codecs,
parse_duration,
parse_iso8601,
parse_m3u8_attributes,
parse_resolution,
sanitize_filename,
sanitize_url,
sanitized_Request,
str_or_none,
str_to_int,
strip_or_none,
traverse_obj,
try_call,
try_get,
unescapeHTML,
unified_strdate,
unified_timestamp,
update_Request,
update_url_query,
url_basename,
url_or_none,
urljoin,
variadic,
xpath_element,
xpath_text,
xpath_with_ns,
)
class InfoExtractor:
"""Information Extractor class.
Information extractors are the classes that, given a URL, extract
information about the video (or videos) the URL refers to. This
information includes the real video URL, the video title, author and
others. The information is stored in a dictionary which is then
passed to the YoutubeDL. The YoutubeDL processes this
information possibly downloading the video to the file system, among
other possible outcomes.
The type field determines the type of the result.
By far the most common value (and the default if _type is missing) is
"video", which indicates a single video.
For a video, the dictionaries must include the following fields:
id: Video identifier.
title: Video title, unescaped. Set to an empty string if video has
no title as opposed to "None" which signifies that the
extractor failed to obtain a title
Additionally, it must contain either a formats entry or a url one:
formats: A list of dictionaries for each format available, ordered
from worst to best quality.
Potential fields:
* url The mandatory URL representing the media:
for plain file media - HTTP URL of this file,
for RTMP - RTMP URL,
for HLS - URL of the M3U8 media playlist,
for HDS - URL of the F4M manifest,
for DASH
- HTTP URL to plain file media (in case of
unfragmented media)
- URL of the MPD manifest or base URL
representing the media if MPD manifest
is parsed from a string (in case of
fragmented media)
for MSS - URL of the ISM manifest.
* manifest_url
The URL of the manifest file in case of
fragmented media:
for HLS - URL of the M3U8 master playlist,
for HDS - URL of the F4M manifest,
for DASH - URL of the MPD manifest,
for MSS - URL of the ISM manifest.
* manifest_stream_number (For internal use only)
The index of the stream in the manifest file
* ext Will be calculated from URL if missing
* format A human-readable description of the format
("mp4 container with h264/opus").
Calculated from the format_id, width, height.
and format_note fields if missing.
* format_id A short description of the format
("mp4_h264_opus" or "19").
Technically optional, but strongly recommended.
* format_note Additional info about the format
("3D" or "DASH video")
* width Width of the video, if known
* height Height of the video, if known
* resolution Textual description of width and height
* dynamic_range The dynamic range of the video. One of:
"SDR" (None), "HDR10", "HDR10+, "HDR12", "HLG, "DV"
* tbr Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
* abr Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
* acodec Name of the audio codec in use
* asr Audio sampling rate in Hertz
* audio_channels Number of audio channels
* vbr Average video bitrate in KBit/s
* fps Frame rate
* vcodec Name of the video codec in use
* container Name of the container format
* filesize The number of bytes, if known in advance
* filesize_approx An estimate for the number of bytes
* player_url SWF Player URL (used for rtmpdump).
* protocol The protocol that will be used for the actual
download, lower-case. One of "http", "https" or
one of the protocols defined in downloader.PROTOCOL_MAP
* fragment_base_url
Base URL for fragments. Each fragment's path
value (if present) will be relative to
this URL.
* fragments A list of fragments of a fragmented media.
Each fragment entry must contain either an url
or a path. If an url is present it should be
considered by a client. Otherwise both path and
fragment_base_url must be present. Here is
the list of all potential fields:
* "url" - fragment's URL
* "path" - fragment's path relative to
fragment_base_url
* "duration" (optional, int or float)
* "filesize" (optional, int)
* is_from_start Is a live format that can be downloaded
from the start. Boolean
* preference Order number of this format. If this field is
present and not None, the formats get sorted
by this field, regardless of all other values.
-1 for default (order by other properties),
-2 or smaller for less than default.
< -1000 to hide the format (if there is
another one which is strictly better)
* language Language code, e.g. "de" or "en-US".
* language_preference Is this in the language mentioned in
the URL?
10 if it's what the URL is about,
-1 for default (don't know),
-10 otherwise, other values reserved for now.
* quality Order number of the video quality of this
format, irrespective of the file format.
-1 for default (order by other properties),
-2 or smaller for less than default.
* source_preference Order number for this video source
(quality takes higher priority)
-1 for default (order by other properties),
-2 or smaller for less than default.
* http_headers A dictionary of additional HTTP headers
to add to the request.
* stretched_ratio If given and not 1, indicates that the
video's pixels are not square.
width : height ratio as float.
* no_resume The server does not support resuming the
(HTTP or RTMP) download. Boolean.
* has_drm The format has DRM and cannot be downloaded. Boolean
* downloader_options A dictionary of downloader options
(For internal use only)
* http_chunk_size Chunk size for HTTP downloads
* ffmpeg_args Extra arguments for ffmpeg downloader
RTMP formats can also have the additional fields: page_url,
app, play_path, tc_url, flash_version, rtmp_live, rtmp_conn,
rtmp_protocol, rtmp_real_time
url: Final video URL.
ext: Video filename extension.
format: The video format, defaults to ext (used for --get-format)
player_url: SWF Player URL (used for rtmpdump).
The following fields are optional:
direct: True if a direct video file was given (must only be set by GenericIE)
alt_title: A secondary title of the video.
display_id An alternative identifier for the video, not necessarily
unique, but available before title. Typically, id is
something like "4234987", title "Dancing naked mole rats",
and display_id "dancing-naked-mole-rats"
thumbnails: A list of dictionaries, with the following entries:
* "id" (optional, string) - Thumbnail format ID
* "url"
* "preference" (optional, int) - quality of the image
* "width" (optional, int)
* "height" (optional, int)
* "resolution" (optional, string "{width}x{height}",
deprecated)
* "filesize" (optional, int)
* "http_headers" (dict) - HTTP headers for the request
thumbnail: Full URL to a video thumbnail image.
description: Full video description.
uploader: Full name of the video uploader.
license: License name the video is licensed under.
creator: The creator of the video.
timestamp: UNIX timestamp of the moment the video was uploaded
upload_date: Video upload date in UTC (YYYYMMDD).
If not explicitly set, calculated from timestamp
release_timestamp: UNIX timestamp of the moment the video was released.
If it is not clear whether to use timestamp or this, use the former
release_date: The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was released in UTC.
If not explicitly set, calculated from release_timestamp
modified_timestamp: UNIX timestamp of the moment the video was last modified.
modified_date: The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was last modified in UTC.
If not explicitly set, calculated from modified_timestamp
uploader_id: Nickname or id of the video uploader.
uploader_url: Full URL to a personal webpage of the video uploader.
channel: Full name of the channel the video is uploaded on.
Note that channel fields may or may not repeat uploader
fields. This depends on a particular extractor.
channel_id: Id of the channel.
channel_url: Full URL to a channel webpage.
channel_follower_count: Number of followers of the channel.
location: Physical location where the video was filmed.
subtitles: The available subtitles as a dictionary in the format
{tag: subformats}. "tag" is usually a language code, and
"subformats" is a list sorted from lower to higher
preference, each element is a dictionary with the "ext"
entry and one of:
* "data": The subtitles file contents
* "url": A URL pointing to the subtitles file
It can optionally also have:
* "name": Name or description of the subtitles
* "http_headers": A dictionary of additional HTTP headers
to add to the request.
"ext" will be calculated from URL if missing
automatic_captions: Like 'subtitles'; contains automatically generated
captions instead of normal subtitles
duration: Length of the video in seconds, as an integer or float.
view_count: How many users have watched the video on the platform.
like_count: Number of positive ratings of the video
dislike_count: Number of negative ratings of the video
repost_count: Number of reposts of the video
average_rating: Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
comment_count: Number of comments on the video
comments: A list of comments, each with one or more of the following
properties (all but one of text or html optional):
* "author" - human-readable name of the comment author
* "author_id" - user ID of the comment author
* "author_thumbnail" - The thumbnail of the comment author
* "id" - Comment ID
* "html" - Comment as HTML
* "text" - Plain text of the comment
* "timestamp" - UNIX timestamp of comment
* "parent" - ID of the comment this one is replying to.
Set to "root" to indicate that this is a
comment to the original video.
* "like_count" - Number of positive ratings of the comment
* "dislike_count" - Number of negative ratings of the comment
* "is_favorited" - Whether the comment is marked as
favorite by the video uploader
* "author_is_uploader" - Whether the comment is made by
the video uploader
age_limit: Age restriction for the video, as an integer (years)
webpage_url: The URL to the video webpage, if given to yt-dlp it
should allow to get the same result again. (It will be set
by YoutubeDL if it's missing)
categories: A list of categories that the video falls in, for example
["Sports", "Berlin"]
tags: A list of tags assigned to the video, e.g. ["sweden", "pop music"]
cast: A list of the video cast
is_live: True, False, or None (=unknown). Whether this video is a
live stream that goes on instead of a fixed-length video.
was_live: True, False, or None (=unknown). Whether this video was
originally a live stream.
live_status: None (=unknown), 'is_live', 'is_upcoming', 'was_live', 'not_live',
or 'post_live' (was live, but VOD is not yet processed)
If absent, automatically set from is_live, was_live
start_time: Time in seconds where the reproduction should start, as
specified in the URL.
end_time: Time in seconds where the reproduction should end, as
specified in the URL.
chapters: A list of dictionaries, with the following entries:
* "start_time" - The start time of the chapter in seconds
* "end_time" - The end time of the chapter in seconds
* "title" (optional, string)
playable_in_embed: Whether this video is allowed to play in embedded
players on other sites. Can be True (=always allowed),
False (=never allowed), None (=unknown), or a string
specifying the criteria for embedability; e.g. 'whitelist'
availability: Under what condition the video is available. One of
'private', 'premium_only', 'subscriber_only', 'needs_auth',
'unlisted' or 'public'. Use 'InfoExtractor._availability'
to set it
_old_archive_ids: A list of old archive ids needed for backward compatibility
__post_extractor: A function to be called just before the metadata is
written to either disk, logger or console. The function
must return a dict which will be added to the info_dict.
This is usefull for additional information that is
time-consuming to extract. Note that the fields thus
extracted will not be available to output template and
match_filter. So, only "comments" and "comment_count" are
currently allowed to be extracted via this method.
The following fields should only be used when the video belongs to some logical
chapter or section:
chapter: Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to.
chapter_number: Number of the chapter the video belongs to, as an integer.
chapter_id: Id of the chapter the video belongs to, as a unicode string.
The following fields should only be used when the video is an episode of some
series, programme or podcast:
series: Title of the series or programme the video episode belongs to.
series_id: Id of the series or programme the video episode belongs to, as a unicode string.
season: Title of the season the video episode belongs to.
season_number: Number of the season the video episode belongs to, as an integer.
season_id: Id of the season the video episode belongs to, as a unicode string.
episode: Title of the video episode. Unlike mandatory video title field,
this field should denote the exact title of the video episode
without any kind of decoration.
episode_number: Number of the video episode within a season, as an integer.
episode_id: Id of the video episode, as a unicode string.
The following fields should only be used when the media is a track or a part of
a music album:
track: Title of the track.
track_number: Number of the track within an album or a disc, as an integer.
track_id: Id of the track (useful in case of custom indexing, e.g. 6.iii),
as a unicode string.
artist: Artist(s) of the track.
genre: Genre(s) of the track.
album: Title of the album the track belongs to.
album_type: Type of the album (e.g. "Demo", "Full-length", "Split", "Compilation", etc).
album_artist: List of all artists appeared on the album (e.g.
"Ash Borer / Fell Voices" or "Various Artists", useful for splits
and compilations).
disc_number: Number of the disc or other physical medium the track belongs to,
as an integer.
release_year: Year (YYYY) when the album was released.
composer: Composer of the piece
The following fields should only be set for clips that should be cut from the original video:
section_start: Start time of the section in seconds
section_end: End time of the section in seconds
The following fields should only be set for storyboards:
rows: Number of rows in each storyboard fragment, as an integer
columns: Number of columns in each storyboard fragment, as an integer
Unless mentioned otherwise, the fields should be Unicode strings.
Unless mentioned otherwise, None is equivalent to absence of information.
_type "playlist" indicates multiple videos.
There must be a key "entries", which is a list, an iterable, or a PagedList
object, each element of which is a valid dictionary by this specification.
Additionally, playlists can have "id", "title", and any other relevant
attributes with the same semantics as videos (see above).
It can also have the following optional fields:
playlist_count: The total number of videos in a playlist. If not given,
YoutubeDL tries to calculate it from "entries"
_type "multi_video" indicates that there are multiple videos that
form a single show, for examples multiple acts of an opera or TV episode.
It must have an entries key like a playlist and contain all the keys
required for a video at the same time.
_type "url" indicates that the video must be extracted from another
location, possibly by a different extractor. Its only required key is:
"url" - the next URL to extract.
The key "ie_key" can be set to the class name (minus the trailing "IE",
e.g. "Youtube") if the extractor class is known in advance.
Additionally, the dictionary may have any properties of the resolved entity
known in advance, for example "title" if the title of the referred video is
known ahead of time.
_type "url_transparent" entities have the same specification as "url", but
indicate that the given additional information is more precise than the one
associated with the resolved URL.
This is useful when a site employs a video service that hosts the video and
its technical metadata, but that video service does not embed a useful
title, description etc.
Subclasses of this should also be added to the list of extractors and
should define a _VALID_URL regexp and, re-define the _real_extract() and
(optionally) _real_initialize() methods.
Subclasses may also override suitable() if necessary, but ensure the function
signature is preserved and that this function imports everything it needs
(except other extractors), so that lazy_extractors works correctly.
Subclasses can define a list of _EMBED_REGEX, which will be searched for in
the HTML of Generic webpages. It may also override _extract_embed_urls
or _extract_from_webpage as necessary. While these are normally classmethods,
_extract_from_webpage is allowed to be an instance method.
_extract_from_webpage may raise self.StopExtraction() to stop further
processing of the webpage and obtain exclusive rights to it. This is useful
when the extractor cannot reliably be matched using just the URL,
e.g. invidious/peertube instances
Embed-only extractors can be defined by setting _VALID_URL = False.
To support username + password (or netrc) login, the extractor must define a
_NETRC_MACHINE and re-define _perform_login(username, password) and
(optionally) _initialize_pre_login() methods. The _perform_login method will
be called between _initialize_pre_login and _real_initialize if credentials
are passed by the user. In cases where it is necessary to have the login
process as part of the extraction rather than initialization, _perform_login
can be left undefined.
_GEO_BYPASS attribute may be set to False in order to disable
geo restriction bypass mechanisms for a particular extractor.
Though it won't disable explicit geo restriction bypass based on
country code provided with geo_bypass_country.
_GEO_COUNTRIES attribute may contain a list of presumably geo unrestricted
countries for this extractor. One of these countries will be used by
geo restriction bypass mechanism right away in order to bypass
geo restriction, of course, if the mechanism is not disabled.
_GEO_IP_BLOCKS attribute may contain a list of presumably geo unrestricted
IP blocks in CIDR notation for this extractor. One of these IP blocks
will be used by geo restriction bypass mechanism similarly
to _GEO_COUNTRIES.
The _ENABLED attribute should be set to False for IEs that
are disabled by default and must be explicitly enabled.
The _WORKING attribute should be set to False for broken IEs
in order to warn the users and skip the tests.
"""
_ready = False
_downloader = None
_x_forwarded_for_ip = None
_GEO_BYPASS = True
_GEO_COUNTRIES = None
_GEO_IP_BLOCKS = None
_WORKING = True
_ENABLED = True
_NETRC_MACHINE = None
IE_DESC = None
SEARCH_KEY = None
_VALID_URL = None
_EMBED_REGEX = []
def _login_hint(self, method=NO_DEFAULT, netrc=None):
password_hint = f'--username and --password, or --netrc ({netrc or self._NETRC_MACHINE}) to provide account credentials'
return {
None: '',
'any': f'Use --cookies, --cookies-from-browser, {password_hint}',
'password': f'Use {password_hint}',
'cookies': (
'Use --cookies-from-browser or --cookies for the authentication. '
'See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl#how-do-i-pass-cookies-to-youtube-dl for how to manually pass cookies'),
}[method if method is not NO_DEFAULT else 'any' if self.supports_login() else 'cookies']
def __init__(self, downloader=None):
"""Constructor. Receives an optional downloader (a YoutubeDL instance).
If a downloader is not passed during initialization,
it must be set using "set_downloader()" before "extract()" is called"""
self._ready = False
self._x_forwarded_for_ip = None
self._printed_messages = set()
self.set_downloader(downloader)
@classmethod
def _match_valid_url(cls, url):
if cls._VALID_URL is False:
return None
# This does not use has/getattr intentionally - we want to know whether
# we have cached the regexp for *this* class, whereas getattr would also
# match the superclass
if '_VALID_URL_RE' not in cls.__dict__:
cls._VALID_URL_RE = re.compile(cls._VALID_URL)
return cls._VALID_URL_RE.match(url)
@classmethod
def suitable(cls, url):
"""Receives a URL and returns True if suitable for this IE."""
# This function must import everything it needs (except other extractors),
# so that lazy_extractors works correctly
return cls._match_valid_url(url) is not None
@classmethod
def _match_id(cls, url):
return cls._match_valid_url(url).group('id')
@classmethod
def get_temp_id(cls, url):
try:
return cls._match_id(url)
except (IndexError, AttributeError):
return None
@classmethod
def working(cls):
"""Getter method for _WORKING."""
return cls._WORKING
@classmethod
def supports_login(cls):
return bool(cls._NETRC_MACHINE)
def initialize(self):
"""Initializes an instance (authentication, etc)."""
self._printed_messages = set()
self._initialize_geo_bypass({
'countries': self._GEO_COUNTRIES,
'ip_blocks': self._GEO_IP_BLOCKS,
})
if not self._ready:
self._initialize_pre_login()
if self.supports_login():
username, password = self._get_login_info()
if username:
self._perform_login(username, password)
elif self.get_param('username') and False not in (self.IE_DESC, self._NETRC_MACHINE):
self.report_warning(f'Login with password is not supported for this website. {self._login_hint("cookies")}')
self._real_initialize()
self._ready = True
def _initialize_geo_bypass(self, geo_bypass_context):
"""
Initialize geo restriction bypass mechanism.
This method is used to initialize geo bypass mechanism based on faking
X-Forwarded-For HTTP header. A random country from provided country list
is selected and a random IP belonging to this country is generated. This
IP will be passed as X-Forwarded-For HTTP header in all subsequent
HTTP requests.
This method will be used for initial geo bypass mechanism initialization
during the instance initialization with _GEO_COUNTRIES and
_GEO_IP_BLOCKS.
You may also manually call it from extractor's code if geo bypass
information is not available beforehand (e.g. obtained during
extraction) or due to some other reason. In this case you should pass
this information in geo bypass context passed as first argument. It may
contain following fields:
countries: List of geo unrestricted countries (similar
to _GEO_COUNTRIES)
ip_blocks: List of geo unrestricted IP blocks in CIDR notation
(similar to _GEO_IP_BLOCKS)
"""
if not self._x_forwarded_for_ip:
# Geo bypass mechanism is explicitly disabled by user
if not self.get_param('geo_bypass', True):
return
if not geo_bypass_context:
geo_bypass_context = {}
# Backward compatibility: previously _initialize_geo_bypass
# expected a list of countries, some 3rd party code may still use
# it this way
if isinstance(geo_bypass_context, (list, tuple)):
geo_bypass_context = {
'countries': geo_bypass_context,
}
# The whole point of geo bypass mechanism is to fake IP
# as X-Forwarded-For HTTP header based on some IP block or
# country code.
# Path 1: bypassing based on IP block in CIDR notation
# Explicit IP block specified by user, use it right away
# regardless of whether extractor is geo bypassable or not
ip_block = self.get_param('geo_bypass_ip_block', None)
# Otherwise use random IP block from geo bypass context but only
# if extractor is known as geo bypassable
if not ip_block:
ip_blocks = geo_bypass_context.get('ip_blocks')
if self._GEO_BYPASS and ip_blocks:
ip_block = random.choice(ip_blocks)
if ip_block:
self._x_forwarded_for_ip = GeoUtils.random_ipv4(ip_block)
self.write_debug(f'Using fake IP {self._x_forwarded_for_ip} as X-Forwarded-For')
return
# Path 2: bypassing based on country code
# Explicit country code specified by user, use it right away
# regardless of whether extractor is geo bypassable or not
country = self.get_param('geo_bypass_country', None)
# Otherwise use random country code from geo bypass context but
# only if extractor is known as geo bypassable
if not country:
countries = geo_bypass_context.get('countries')
if self._GEO_BYPASS and countries:
country = random.choice(countries)
if country:
self._x_forwarded_for_ip = GeoUtils.random_ipv4(country)
self._downloader.write_debug(
f'Using fake IP {self._x_forwarded_for_ip} ({country.upper()}) as X-Forwarded-For')
def extract(self, url):
"""Extracts URL information and returns it in list of dicts."""
try:
for _ in range(2):
try:
self.initialize()
self.write_debug('Extracting URL: %s' % url)
ie_result = self._real_extract(url)
if ie_result is None:
return None
if self._x_forwarded_for_ip:
ie_result['__x_forwarded_for_ip'] = self._x_forwarded_for_ip
subtitles = ie_result.get('subtitles') or {}
if 'no-live-chat' in self.get_param('compat_opts'):
for lang in ('live_chat', 'comments', 'danmaku'):
subtitles.pop(lang, None)
return ie_result
except GeoRestrictedError as e:
if self.__maybe_fake_ip_and_retry(e.countries):
continue
raise
except UnsupportedError:
raise
except ExtractorError as e:
kwargs = {
'video_id': e.video_id or self.get_temp_id(url),
'ie': self.IE_NAME,
'tb': e.traceback or sys.exc_info()[2],
'expected': e.expected,
'cause': e.cause
}
if hasattr(e, 'countries'):
kwargs['countries'] = e.countries
raise type(e)(e.orig_msg, **kwargs)
except http.client.IncompleteRead as e:
raise ExtractorError('A network error has occurred.', cause=e, expected=True, video_id=self.get_temp_id(url))
except (KeyError, StopIteration) as e:
raise ExtractorError('An extractor error has occurred.', cause=e, video_id=self.get_temp_id(url))
def __maybe_fake_ip_and_retry(self, countries):
if (not self.get_param('geo_bypass_country', None)
and self._GEO_BYPASS
and self.get_param('geo_bypass', True)
and not self._x_forwarded_for_ip
and countries):
country_code = random.choice(countries)
self._x_forwarded_for_ip = GeoUtils.random_ipv4(country_code)
if self._x_forwarded_for_ip:
self.report_warning(
'Video is geo restricted. Retrying extraction with fake IP %s (%s) as X-Forwarded-For.'
% (self._x_forwarded_for_ip, country_code.upper()))
return True
return False
def set_downloader(self, downloader):
"""Sets a YoutubeDL instance as the downloader for this IE."""
self._downloader = downloader
@property
def cache(self):
return self._downloader.cache
@property
def cookiejar(self):
return self._downloader.cookiejar
def _initialize_pre_login(self):
""" Initialization before login. Redefine in subclasses."""
pass
def _perform_login(self, username, password):
""" Login with username and password. Redefine in subclasses."""
pass
def _real_initialize(self):
"""Real initialization process. Redefine in subclasses."""
pass
def _real_extract(self, url):
"""Real extraction process. Redefine in subclasses."""
raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
@classmethod
def ie_key(cls):
"""A string for getting the InfoExtractor with get_info_extractor"""
return cls.__name__[:-2]
@classproperty
def IE_NAME(cls):
return cls.__name__[:-2]
@staticmethod
def __can_accept_status_code(err, expected_status):
assert isinstance(err, urllib.error.HTTPError)
if expected_status is None:
return False
elif callable(expected_status):
return expected_status(err.code) is True
else:
return err.code in variadic(expected_status)
def _create_request(self, url_or_request, data=None, headers=None, query=None):
if isinstance(url_or_request, urllib.request.Request):
return update_Request(url_or_request, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
if query:
url_or_request = update_url_query(url_or_request, query)
return sanitized_Request(url_or_request, data, headers or {})
def _request_webpage(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, data=None, headers=None, query=None, expected_status=None):
"""
Return the response handle.
See _download_webpage docstring for arguments specification.
"""
if not self._downloader._first_webpage_request:
sleep_interval = self.get_param('sleep_interval_requests') or 0
if sleep_interval > 0:
self.to_screen('Sleeping %s seconds ...' % sleep_interval)
time.sleep(sleep_interval)
else:
self._downloader._first_webpage_request = False
if note is None:
self.report_download_webpage(video_id)
elif note is not False:
if video_id is None:
self.to_screen(str(note))
else:
self.to_screen(f'{video_id}: {note}')
# Some sites check X-Forwarded-For HTTP header in order to figure out
# the origin of the client behind proxy. This allows bypassing geo
# restriction by faking this header's value to IP that belongs to some
# geo unrestricted country. We will do so once we encounter any
# geo restriction error.
if self._x_forwarded_for_ip:
headers = (headers or {}).copy()
headers.setdefault('X-Forwarded-For', self._x_forwarded_for_ip)
try:
return self._downloader.urlopen(self._create_request(url_or_request, data, headers, query))
except network_exceptions as err:
if isinstance(err, urllib.error.HTTPError):
if self.__can_accept_status_code(err, expected_status):
# Retain reference to error to prevent file object from
# being closed before it can be read. Works around the
# effects of <https://bugs.python.org/issue15002>
# introduced in Python 3.4.1.
err.fp._error = err
return err.fp
if errnote is False:
return False
if errnote is None:
errnote = 'Unable to download webpage'
errmsg = f'{errnote}: {error_to_compat_str(err)}'
if fatal:
raise ExtractorError(errmsg, cause=err)
else:
self.report_warning(errmsg)
return False
def _download_webpage_handle(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True,
encoding=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}, expected_status=None):
"""
Return a tuple (page content as string, URL handle).
Arguments:
url_or_request -- plain text URL as a string or
a urllib.request.Request object
video_id -- Video/playlist/item identifier (string)
Keyword arguments:
note -- note printed before downloading (string)
errnote -- note printed in case of an error (string)
fatal -- flag denoting whether error should be considered fatal,
i.e. whether it should cause ExtractionError to be raised,
otherwise a warning will be reported and extraction continued
encoding -- encoding for a page content decoding, guessed automatically
when not explicitly specified
data -- POST data (bytes)
headers -- HTTP headers (dict)
query -- URL query (dict)
expected_status -- allows to accept failed HTTP requests (non 2xx
status code) by explicitly specifying a set of accepted status
codes. Can be any of the following entities:
- an integer type specifying an exact failed status code to
accept
- a list or a tuple of integer types specifying a list of
failed status codes to accept
- a callable accepting an actual failed status code and
returning True if it should be accepted
Note that this argument does not affect success status codes (2xx)
which are always accepted.
"""
# Strip hashes from the URL (#1038)
if isinstance(url_or_request, str):
url_or_request = url_or_request.partition('#')[0]
urlh = self._request_webpage(url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal, data=data, headers=headers, query=query, expected_status=expected_status)
if urlh is False:
assert not fatal
return False
content = self._webpage_read_content(urlh, url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal, encoding=encoding)
return (content, urlh)
@staticmethod
def _guess_encoding_from_content(content_type, webpage_bytes):
m = re.match(r'[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+/[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+\s*;\s*charset=(.+)', content_type)
if m:
encoding = m.group(1)
else:
m = re.search(br'<meta[^>]+charset=[\'"]?([^\'")]+)[ /\'">]',
webpage_bytes[:1024])
if m:
encoding = m.group(1).decode('ascii')
elif webpage_bytes.startswith(b'\xff\xfe'):
encoding = 'utf-16'
else:
encoding = 'utf-8'
return encoding
def __check_blocked(self, content):
first_block = content[:512]
if ('<title>Access to this site is blocked</title>' in content
and 'Websense' in first_block):
msg = 'Access to this webpage has been blocked by Websense filtering software in your network.'
blocked_iframe = self._html_search_regex(
r'<iframe src="([^"]+)"', content,
'Websense information URL', default=None)
if blocked_iframe:
msg += ' Visit %s for more details' % blocked_iframe
raise ExtractorError(msg, expected=True)
if '<title>The URL you requested has been blocked</title>' in first_block:
msg = (
'Access to this webpage has been blocked by Indian censorship. '
'Use a VPN or proxy server (with --proxy) to route around it.')
block_msg = self._html_search_regex(
r'</h1><p>(.*?)</p>',
content, 'block message', default=None)
if block_msg:
msg += ' (Message: "%s")' % block_msg.replace('\n', ' ')
raise ExtractorError(msg, expected=True)
if ('<title>TTK :: Доступ к ресурсу ограничен</title>' in content
and 'blocklist.rkn.gov.ru' in content):
raise ExtractorError(
'Access to this webpage has been blocked by decision of the Russian government. '
'Visit http://blocklist.rkn.gov.ru/ for a block reason.',
expected=True)
def _request_dump_filename(self, url, video_id):
basen = f'{video_id}_{url}'
trim_length = self.get_param('trim_file_name') or 240
if len(basen) > trim_length:
h = '___' + hashlib.md5(basen.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
basen = basen[:trim_length - len(h)] + h
filename = sanitize_filename(f'{basen}.dump', restricted=True)
# Working around MAX_PATH limitation on Windows (see
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365247(v=vs.85).aspx)
if compat_os_name == 'nt':
absfilepath = os.path.abspath(filename)
if len(absfilepath) > 259:
filename = fR'\\?\{absfilepath}'
return filename
def __decode_webpage(self, webpage_bytes, encoding, headers):
if not encoding:
encoding = self._guess_encoding_from_content(headers.get('Content-Type', ''), webpage_bytes)
try:
return webpage_bytes.decode(encoding, 'replace')
except LookupError:
return webpage_bytes.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
def _webpage_read_content(self, urlh, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, prefix=None, encoding=None):
webpage_bytes = urlh.read()
if prefix is not None:
webpage_bytes = prefix + webpage_bytes
if self.get_param('dump_intermediate_pages', False):
self.to_screen('Dumping request to ' + urlh.geturl())
dump = base64.b64encode(webpage_bytes).decode('ascii')
self._downloader.to_screen(dump)
if self.get_param('write_pages'):
filename = self._request_dump_filename(urlh.geturl(), video_id)
self.to_screen(f'Saving request to {filename}')
with open(filename, 'wb') as outf:
outf.write(webpage_bytes)
content = self.__decode_webpage(webpage_bytes, encoding, urlh.headers)
self.__check_blocked(content)
return content
def __print_error(self, errnote, fatal, video_id, err):
if fatal:
raise ExtractorError(f'{video_id}: {errnote}', cause=err)
elif errnote:
self.report_warning(f'{video_id}: {errnote}: {err}')
def _parse_xml(self, xml_string, video_id, transform_source=None, fatal=True, errnote=None):
if transform_source:
xml_string = transform_source(xml_string)
try:
return compat_etree_fromstring(xml_string.encode('utf-8'))
except xml.etree.ElementTree.ParseError as ve:
self.__print_error('Failed to parse XML' if errnote is None else errnote, fatal, video_id, ve)
def _parse_json(self, json_string, video_id, transform_source=None, fatal=True, errnote=None, **parser_kwargs):
try:
return json.loads(
json_string, cls=LenientJSONDecoder, strict=False, transform_source=transform_source, **parser_kwargs)
except ValueError as ve:
self.__print_error('Failed to parse JSON' if errnote is None else errnote, fatal, video_id, ve)
def _parse_socket_response_as_json(self, data, *args, **kwargs):
return self._parse_json(data[data.find('{'):data.rfind('}') + 1], *args, **kwargs)
def __create_download_methods(name, parser, note, errnote, return_value):
def parse(ie, content, *args, errnote=errnote, **kwargs):
if parser is None:
return content
if errnote is False:
kwargs['errnote'] = errnote
# parser is fetched by name so subclasses can override it
return getattr(ie, parser)(content, *args, **kwargs)
def download_handle(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=note, errnote=errnote, transform_source=None,
fatal=True, encoding=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}, expected_status=None):
res = self._download_webpage_handle(
url_or_request, video_id, note=note, errnote=errnote, fatal=fatal, encoding=encoding,
data=data, headers=headers, query=query, expected_status=expected_status)
if res is False:
return res
content, urlh = res
return parse(self, content, video_id, transform_source=transform_source, fatal=fatal, errnote=errnote), urlh
def download_content(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=note, errnote=errnote, transform_source=None,
fatal=True, encoding=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}, expected_status=None):
if self.get_param('load_pages'):
url_or_request = self._create_request(url_or_request, data, headers, query)
filename = self._request_dump_filename(url_or_request.full_url, video_id)
self.to_screen(f'Loading request from {filename}')
try:
with open(filename, 'rb') as dumpf:
webpage_bytes = dumpf.read()
except OSError as e:
self.report_warning(f'Unable to load request from disk: {e}')
else:
content = self.__decode_webpage(webpage_bytes, encoding, url_or_request.headers)
return parse(self, content, video_id, transform_source=transform_source, fatal=fatal, errnote=errnote)
kwargs = {
'note': note,
'errnote': errnote,
'transform_source': transform_source,
'fatal': fatal,
'encoding': encoding,
'data': data,
'headers': headers,
'query': query,
'expected_status': expected_status,
}
if parser is None:
kwargs.pop('transform_source')
# The method is fetched by name so subclasses can override _download_..._handle
res = getattr(self, download_handle.__name__)(url_or_request, video_id, **kwargs)
return res if res is False else res[0]
def impersonate(func, name, return_value):
func.__name__, func.__qualname__ = name, f'InfoExtractor.{name}'
func.__doc__ = f'''
@param transform_source Apply this transformation before parsing
@returns {return_value}
See _download_webpage_handle docstring for other arguments specification
'''
impersonate(download_handle, f'_download_{name}_handle', f'({return_value}, URL handle)')
impersonate(download_content, f'_download_{name}', f'{return_value}')
return download_handle, download_content
_download_xml_handle, _download_xml = __create_download_methods(
'xml', '_parse_xml', 'Downloading XML', 'Unable to download XML', 'xml as an xml.etree.ElementTree.Element')
_download_json_handle, _download_json = __create_download_methods(
'json', '_parse_json', 'Downloading JSON metadata', 'Unable to download JSON metadata', 'JSON object as a dict')
_download_socket_json_handle, _download_socket_json = __create_download_methods(
'socket_json', '_parse_socket_response_as_json', 'Polling socket', 'Unable to poll socket', 'JSON object as a dict')
__download_webpage = __create_download_methods('webpage', None, None, None, 'data of the page as a string')[1]
def _download_webpage(
self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None,
fatal=True, tries=1, timeout=NO_DEFAULT, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Return the data of the page as a string.
Keyword arguments:
tries -- number of tries
timeout -- sleep interval between tries
See _download_webpage_handle docstring for other arguments specification.
"""
R''' # NB: These are unused; should they be deprecated?
if tries != 1:
self._downloader.deprecation_warning('tries argument is deprecated in InfoExtractor._download_webpage')
if timeout is NO_DEFAULT:
timeout = 5
else:
self._downloader.deprecation_warning('timeout argument is deprecated in InfoExtractor._download_webpage')
'''
try_count = 0
while True:
try:
return self.__download_webpage(url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, None, fatal, *args, **kwargs)
except http.client.IncompleteRead as e:
try_count += 1
if try_count >= tries:
raise e
self._sleep(timeout, video_id)
def report_warning(self, msg, video_id=None, *args, only_once=False, **kwargs):
idstr = format_field(video_id, None, '%s: ')
msg = f'[{self.IE_NAME}] {idstr}{msg}'
if only_once:
if f'WARNING: {msg}' in self._printed_messages:
return
self._printed_messages.add(f'WARNING: {msg}')
self._downloader.report_warning(msg, *args, **kwargs)
def to_screen(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
"""Print msg to screen, prefixing it with '[ie_name]'"""
self._downloader.to_screen(f'[{self.IE_NAME}] {msg}', *args, **kwargs)
def write_debug(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
self._downloader.write_debug(f'[{self.IE_NAME}] {msg}', *args, **kwargs)
def get_param(self, name, default=None, *args, **kwargs):
if self._downloader:
return self._downloader.params.get(name, default, *args, **kwargs)
return default
def report_drm(self, video_id, partial=False):
self.raise_no_formats('This video is DRM protected', expected=True, video_id=video_id)
def report_extraction(self, id_or_name):
"""Report information extraction."""
self.to_screen('%s: Extracting information' % id_or_name)
def report_download_webpage(self, video_id):
"""Report webpage download."""
self.to_screen('%s: Downloading webpage' % video_id)
def report_age_confirmation(self):
"""Report attempt to confirm age."""
self.to_screen('Confirming age')
def report_login(self):
"""Report attempt to log in."""
self.to_screen('Logging in')
def raise_login_required(
self, msg='This video is only available for registered users',
metadata_available=False, method=NO_DEFAULT):
if metadata_available and (
self.get_param('ignore_no_formats_error') or self.get_param('wait_for_video')):
self.report_warning(msg)
return
msg += format_field(self._login_hint(method), None, '. %s')
raise ExtractorError(msg, expected=True)
def raise_geo_restricted(
self, msg='This video is not available from your location due to geo restriction',
countries=None, metadata_available=False):
if metadata_available and (
self.get_param('ignore_no_formats_error') or self.get_param('wait_for_video')):
self.report_warning(msg)
else:
raise GeoRestrictedError(msg, countries=countries)
def raise_no_formats(self, msg, expected=False, video_id=None):
if expected and (
self.get_param('ignore_no_formats_error') or self.get_param('wait_for_video')):
self.report_warning(msg, video_id)
elif isinstance(msg, ExtractorError):
raise msg
else:
raise ExtractorError(msg, expected=expected, video_id=video_id)
# Methods for following #608
@staticmethod
def url_result(url, ie=None, video_id=None, video_title=None, *, url_transparent=False, **kwargs):
"""Returns a URL that points to a page that should be processed"""
if ie is not None:
kwargs['ie_key'] = ie if isinstance(ie, str) else ie.ie_key()
if video_id is not None:
kwargs['id'] = video_id
if video_title is not None:
kwargs['title'] = video_title
return {
**kwargs,
'_type': 'url_transparent' if url_transparent else 'url',
'url': url,
}
@classmethod
def playlist_from_matches(cls, matches, playlist_id=None, playlist_title=None,
getter=IDENTITY, ie=None, video_kwargs=None, **kwargs):
return cls.playlist_result(
(cls.url_result(m, ie, **(video_kwargs or {})) for m in orderedSet(map(getter, matches), lazy=True)),
playlist_id, playlist_title, **kwargs)
@staticmethod
def playlist_result(entries, playlist_id=None, playlist_title=None, playlist_description=None, *, multi_video=False, **kwargs):
"""Returns a playlist"""
if playlist_id:
kwargs['id'] = playlist_id
if playlist_title:
kwargs['title'] = playlist_title
if playlist_description is not None:
kwargs['description'] = playlist_description
return {
**kwargs,
'_type': 'multi_video' if multi_video else 'playlist',
'entries': entries,
}
def _search_regex(self, pattern, string, name, default=NO_DEFAULT, fatal=True, flags=0, group=None):
"""
Perform a regex search on the given string, using a single or a list of
patterns returning the first matching group.
In case of failure return a default value or raise a WARNING or a
RegexNotFoundError, depending on fatal, specifying the field name.
"""
if string is None:
mobj = None
elif isinstance(pattern, (str, re.Pattern)):
mobj = re.search(pattern, string, flags)
else:
for p in pattern:
mobj = re.search(p, string, flags)
if mobj:
break
_name = self._downloader._format_err(name, self._downloader.Styles.EMPHASIS)
if mobj:
if group is None:
# return the first matching group
return next(g for g in mobj.groups() if g is not None)
elif isinstance(group, (list, tuple)):
return tuple(mobj.group(g) for g in group)
else:
return mobj.group(group)
elif default is not NO_DEFAULT:
return default
elif fatal:
raise RegexNotFoundError('Unable to extract %s' % _name)
else:
self.report_warning('unable to extract %s' % _name + bug_reports_message())
return None
def _search_json(self, start_pattern, string, name, video_id, *, end_pattern='',
contains_pattern='(?s:.+)', fatal=True, default=NO_DEFAULT, **kwargs):
"""Searches string for the JSON object specified by start_pattern"""
# NB: end_pattern is only used to reduce the size of the initial match
if default is NO_DEFAULT:
default, has_default = {}, False
else:
fatal, has_default = False, True
json_string = self._search_regex(
rf'{start_pattern}\s*(?P<json>{{\s*{contains_pattern}\s*}})\s*{end_pattern}',
string, name, group='json', fatal=fatal, default=None if has_default else NO_DEFAULT)
if not json_string:
return default
_name = self._downloader._format_err(name, self._downloader.Styles.EMPHASIS)
try:
return self._parse_json(json_string, video_id, ignore_extra=True, **kwargs)
except ExtractorError as e:
if fatal:
raise ExtractorError(
f'Unable to extract {_name} - Failed to parse JSON', cause=e.cause, video_id=video_id)
elif not has_default:
self.report_warning(
f'Unable to extract {_name} - Failed to parse JSON: {e}', video_id=video_id)
return default
def _html_search_regex(self, pattern, string, name, default=NO_DEFAULT, fatal=True, flags=0, group=None):
"""
Like _search_regex, but strips HTML tags and unescapes entities.
"""
res = self._search_regex(pattern, string, name, default, fatal, flags, group)
if res:
return clean_html(res).strip()
else:
return res
def _get_netrc_login_info(self, netrc_machine=None):
username = None
password = None
netrc_machine = netrc_machine or self._NETRC_MACHINE
if self.get_param('usenetrc', False):
try:
netrc_file = compat_expanduser(self.get_param('netrc_location') or '~')
if os.path.isdir(netrc_file):
netrc_file = os.path.join(netrc_file, '.netrc')
info = netrc.netrc(file=netrc_file).authenticators(netrc_machine)
if info is not None:
username = info[0]
password = info[2]
else:
raise netrc.NetrcParseError(
'No authenticators for %s' % netrc_machine)
except (OSError, netrc.NetrcParseError) as err:
self.report_warning(
'parsing .netrc: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
return username, password
def _get_login_info(self, username_option='username', password_option='password', netrc_machine=None):
"""
Get the login info as (username, password)
First look for the manually specified credentials using username_option
and password_option as keys in params dictionary. If no such credentials
available look in the netrc file using the netrc_machine or _NETRC_MACHINE
value.
If there's no info available, return (None, None)
"""
# Attempt to use provided username and password or .netrc data
username = self.get_param(username_option)
if username is not None:
password = self.get_param(password_option)
else:
username, password = self._get_netrc_login_info(netrc_machine)
return username, password
def _get_tfa_info(self, note='two-factor verification code'):
"""
Get the two-factor authentication info
TODO - asking the user will be required for sms/phone verify
currently just uses the command line option
If there's no info available, return None
"""
tfa = self.get_param('twofactor')
if tfa is not None:
return tfa
return getpass.getpass('Type %s and press [Return]: ' % note)
# Helper functions for extracting OpenGraph info
@staticmethod
def _og_regexes(prop):
content_re = r'content=(?:"([^"]+?)"|\'([^\']+?)\'|\s*([^\s"\'=<>`]+?))'
property_re = (r'(?:name|property)=(?:\'og%(sep)s%(prop)s\'|"og%(sep)s%(prop)s"|\s*og%(sep)s%(prop)s\b)'
% {'prop': re.escape(prop), 'sep': '(?:&#x3A;|[:-])'})
template = r'<meta[^>]+?%s[^>]+?%s'
return [
template % (property_re, content_re),
template % (content_re, property_re),
]
@staticmethod
def _meta_regex(prop):
return r'''(?isx)<meta
(?=[^>]+(?:itemprop|name|property|id|http-equiv)=(["\']?)%s\1)
[^>]+?content=(["\'])(?P<content>.*?)\2''' % re.escape(prop)
def _og_search_property(self, prop, html, name=None, **kargs):
prop = variadic(prop)
if name is None:
name = 'OpenGraph %s' % prop[0]
og_regexes = []
for p in prop:
og_regexes.extend(self._og_regexes(p))
escaped = self._search_regex(og_regexes, html, name, flags=re.DOTALL, **kargs)
if escaped is None:
return None
return unescapeHTML(escaped)
def _og_search_thumbnail(self, html, **kargs):
return self._og_search_property('image', html, 'thumbnail URL', fatal=False, **kargs)
def _og_search_description(self, html, **kargs):
return self._og_search_property('description', html, fatal=False, **kargs)
def _og_search_title(self, html, *, fatal=False, **kargs):
return self._og_search_property('title', html, fatal=fatal, **kargs)
def _og_search_video_url(self, html, name='video url', secure=True, **kargs):
regexes = self._og_regexes('video') + self._og_regexes('video:url')
if secure:
regexes = self._og_regexes('video:secure_url') + regexes
return self._html_search_regex(regexes, html, name, **kargs)
def _og_search_url(self, html, **kargs):
return self._og_search_property('url', html, **kargs)
def _html_extract_title(self, html, name='title', *, fatal=False, **kwargs):
return self._html_search_regex(r'(?s)<title\b[^>]*>([^<]+)</title>', html, name, fatal=fatal, **kwargs)
def _html_search_meta(self, name, html, display_name=None, fatal=False, **kwargs):
name = variadic(name)
if display_name is None:
display_name = name[0]
return self._html_search_regex(
[self._meta_regex(n) for n in name],
html, display_name, fatal=fatal, group='content', **kwargs)
def _dc_search_uploader(self, html):
return self._html_search_meta('dc.creator', html, 'uploader')
@staticmethod
def _rta_search(html):
# See http://www.rtalabel.org/index.php?content=howtofaq#single
if re.search(r'(?ix)<meta\s+name="rating"\s+'
r' content="RTA-5042-1996-1400-1577-RTA"',
html):
return 18
# And then there are the jokers who advertise that they use RTA, but actually don't.
AGE_LIMIT_MARKERS = [
r'Proudly Labeled <a href="http://www\.rtalabel\.org/" title="Restricted to Adults">RTA</a>',
]
if any(re.search(marker, html) for marker in AGE_LIMIT_MARKERS):
return 18
return 0
def _media_rating_search(self, html):
# See http://www.tjg-designs.com/WP/metadata-code-examples-adding-metadata-to-your-web-pages/
rating = self._html_search_meta('rating', html)
if not rating:
return None
RATING_TABLE = {
'safe for kids': 0,
'general': 8,
'14 years': 14,
'mature': 17,
'restricted': 19,
}
return RATING_TABLE.get(rating.lower())
def _family_friendly_search(self, html):
# See http://schema.org/VideoObject
family_friendly = self._html_search_meta(
'isFamilyFriendly', html, default=None)
if not family_friendly:
return None
RATING_TABLE = {
'1': 0,
'true': 0,
'0': 18,
'false': 18,
}
return RATING_TABLE.get(family_friendly.lower())
def _twitter_search_player(self, html):
return self._html_search_meta('twitter:player', html,
'twitter card player')
def _yield_json_ld(self, html, video_id, *, fatal=True, default=NO_DEFAULT):
"""Yield all json ld objects in the html"""
if default is not NO_DEFAULT:
fatal = False
for mobj in re.finditer(JSON_LD_RE, html):
json_ld_item = self._parse_json(mobj.group('json_ld'), video_id, fatal=fatal)
for json_ld in variadic(json_ld_item):
if isinstance(json_ld, dict):
yield json_ld
def _search_json_ld(self, html, video_id, expected_type=None, *, fatal=True, default=NO_DEFAULT):
"""Search for a video in any json ld in the html"""
if default is not NO_DEFAULT:
fatal = False
info = self._json_ld(
list(self._yield_json_ld(html, video_id, fatal=fatal, default=default)),
video_id, fatal=fatal, expected_type=expected_type)
if info:
return info
if default is not NO_DEFAULT:
return default
elif fatal:
raise RegexNotFoundError('Unable to extract JSON-LD')
else:
self.report_warning('unable to extract JSON-LD %s' % bug_reports_message())
return {}
def _json_ld(self, json_ld, video_id, fatal=True, expected_type=None):
if isinstance(json_ld, str):
json_ld = self._parse_json(json_ld, video_id, fatal=fatal)
if not json_ld:
return {}
info = {}
if not isinstance(json_ld, (list, tuple, dict)):
return info
if isinstance(json_ld, dict):
json_ld = [json_ld]
INTERACTION_TYPE_MAP = {
'CommentAction': 'comment',
'AgreeAction': 'like',
'DisagreeAction': 'dislike',
'LikeAction': 'like',
'DislikeAction': 'dislike',
'ListenAction': 'view',
'WatchAction': 'view',
'ViewAction': 'view',
}
def is_type(e, *expected_types):
type = variadic(traverse_obj(e, '@type'))
return any(x in type for x in expected_types)
def extract_interaction_type(e):
interaction_type = e.get('interactionType')
if isinstance(interaction_type, dict):
interaction_type = interaction_type.get('@type')
return str_or_none(interaction_type)
def extract_interaction_statistic(e):
interaction_statistic = e.get('interactionStatistic')
if isinstance(interaction_statistic, dict):
interaction_statistic = [interaction_statistic]
if not isinstance(interaction_statistic, list):
return
for is_e in interaction_statistic:
if not is_type(is_e, 'InteractionCounter'):
continue
interaction_type = extract_interaction_type(is_e)
if not interaction_type:
continue
# For interaction count some sites provide string instead of
# an integer (as per spec) with non digit characters (e.g. ",")
# so extracting count with more relaxed str_to_int
interaction_count = str_to_int(is_e.get('userInteractionCount'))
if interaction_count is None:
continue
count_kind = INTERACTION_TYPE_MAP.get(interaction_type.split('/')[-1])
if not count_kind:
continue
count_key = '%s_count' % count_kind
if info.get(count_key) is not None:
continue
info[count_key] = interaction_count
def extract_chapter_information(e):
chapters = [{
'title': part.get('name'),
'start_time': part.get('startOffset'),
'end_time': part.get('endOffset'),
} for part in variadic(e.get('hasPart') or []) if part.get('@type') == 'Clip']
for idx, (last_c, current_c, next_c) in enumerate(zip(
[{'end_time': 0}] + chapters, chapters, chapters[1:])):
current_c['end_time'] = current_c['end_time'] or next_c['start_time']
current_c['start_time'] = current_c['start_time'] or last_c['end_time']
if None in current_c.values():
self.report_warning(f'Chapter {idx} contains broken data. Not extracting chapters')
return
if chapters:
chapters[-1]['end_time'] = chapters[-1]['end_time'] or info['duration']
info['chapters'] = chapters
def extract_video_object(e):
assert is_type(e, 'VideoObject')
author = e.get('author')
info.update({
'url': url_or_none(e.get('contentUrl')),
'title': unescapeHTML(e.get('name')),
'description': unescapeHTML(e.get('description')),
'thumbnails': [{'url': unescapeHTML(url)}
for url in variadic(traverse_obj(e, 'thumbnailUrl', 'thumbnailURL'))
if url_or_none(url)],
'duration': parse_duration(e.get('duration')),
'timestamp': unified_timestamp(e.get('uploadDate')),
# author can be an instance of 'Organization' or 'Person' types.
# both types can have 'name' property(inherited from 'Thing' type). [1]
# however some websites are using 'Text' type instead.
# 1. https://schema.org/VideoObject
'uploader': author.get('name') if isinstance(author, dict) else author if isinstance(author, str) else None,
'filesize': int_or_none(float_or_none(e.get('contentSize'))),
'tbr': int_or_none(e.get('bitrate')),
'width': int_or_none(e.get('width')),
'height': int_or_none(e.get('height')),
'view_count': int_or_none(e.get('interactionCount')),
})
extract_interaction_statistic(e)
extract_chapter_information(e)
def traverse_json_ld(json_ld, at_top_level=True):
for e in json_ld:
if at_top_level and '@context' not in e:
continue
if at_top_level and set(e.keys()) == {'@context', '@graph'}:
traverse_json_ld(variadic(e['@graph'], allowed_types=(dict,)), at_top_level=False)
break
if expected_type is not None and not is_type(e, expected_type):
continue
rating = traverse_obj(e, ('aggregateRating', 'ratingValue'), expected_type=float_or_none)
if rating is not None:
info['average_rating'] = rating
if is_type(e, 'TVEpisode', 'Episode'):
episode_name = unescapeHTML(e.get('name'))
info.update({
'episode': episode_name,
'episode_number': int_or_none(e.get('episodeNumber')),
'description': unescapeHTML(e.get('description')),
})
if not info.get('title') and episode_name:
info['title'] = episode_name
part_of_season = e.get('partOfSeason')
if is_type(part_of_season, 'TVSeason', 'Season', 'CreativeWorkSeason'):
info.update({
'season': unescapeHTML(part_of_season.get('name')),
'season_number': int_or_none(part_of_season.get('seasonNumber')),
})
part_of_series = e.get('partOfSeries') or e.get('partOfTVSeries')
if is_type(part_of_series, 'TVSeries', 'Series', 'CreativeWorkSeries'):
info['series'] = unescapeHTML(part_of_series.get('name'))
elif is_type(e, 'Movie'):
info.update({
'title': unescapeHTML(e.get('name')),
'description': unescapeHTML(e.get('description')),
'duration': parse_duration(e.get('duration')),
'timestamp': unified_timestamp(e.get('dateCreated')),
})
elif is_type(e, 'Article', 'NewsArticle'):
info.update({
'timestamp': parse_iso8601(e.get('datePublished')),
'title': unescapeHTML(e.get('headline')),
'description': unescapeHTML(e.get('articleBody') or e.get('description')),
})
if is_type(traverse_obj(e, ('video', 0)), 'VideoObject'):
extract_video_object(e['video'][0])
elif is_type(traverse_obj(e, ('subjectOf', 0)), 'VideoObject'):
extract_video_object(e['subjectOf'][0])
elif is_type(e, 'VideoObject'):
extract_video_object(e)
if expected_type is None:
continue
else:
break
video = e.get('video')
if is_type(video, 'VideoObject'):
extract_video_object(video)
if expected_type is None:
continue
else:
break
traverse_json_ld(json_ld)
return filter_dict(info)
def _search_nextjs_data(self, webpage, video_id, *, transform_source=None, fatal=True, **kw):
return self._parse_json(
self._search_regex(
r'(?s)<script[^>]+id=[\'"]__NEXT_DATA__[\'"][^>]*>([^<]+)</script>',
webpage, 'next.js data', fatal=fatal, **kw),
video_id, transform_source=transform_source, fatal=fatal)
def _search_nuxt_data(self, webpage, video_id, context_name='__NUXT__', *, fatal=True, traverse=('data', 0)):
"""Parses Nuxt.js metadata. This works as long as the function __NUXT__ invokes is a pure function"""
rectx = re.escape(context_name)
FUNCTION_RE = r'\(function\((?P<arg_keys>.*?)\){return\s+(?P<js>{.*?})\s*;?\s*}\((?P<arg_vals>.*?)\)'
js, arg_keys, arg_vals = self._search_regex(
(rf'<script>\s*window\.{rectx}={FUNCTION_RE}\s*\)\s*;?\s*</script>', rf'{rectx}\(.*?{FUNCTION_RE}'),
webpage, context_name, group=('js', 'arg_keys', 'arg_vals'), fatal=fatal)
args = dict(zip(arg_keys.split(','), arg_vals.split(',')))
for key, val in args.items():
if val in ('undefined', 'void 0'):
args[key] = 'null'
ret = self._parse_json(js, video_id, transform_source=functools.partial(js_to_json, vars=args), fatal=fatal)
return traverse_obj(ret, traverse) or {}
@staticmethod
def _hidden_inputs(html):
html = re.sub(r'<!--(?:(?!<!--).)*-->', '', html)
hidden_inputs = {}
for input in re.findall(r'(?i)(<input[^>]+>)', html):
attrs = extract_attributes(input)
if not input:
continue
if attrs.get('type') not in ('hidden', 'submit'):
continue
name = attrs.get('name') or attrs.get('id')
value = attrs.get('value')
if name and value is not None:
hidden_inputs[name] = value
return hidden_inputs
def _form_hidden_inputs(self, form_id, html):
form = self._search_regex(
r'(?is)<form[^>]+?id=(["\'])%s\1[^>]*>(?P<form>.+?)</form>' % form_id,
html, '%s form' % form_id, group='form')
return self._hidden_inputs(form)
class FormatSort:
regex = r' *((?P<reverse>\+)?(?P<field>[a-zA-Z0-9_]+)((?P<separator>[~:])(?P<limit>.*?))?)? *$'
default = ('hidden', 'aud_or_vid', 'hasvid', 'ie_pref', 'lang', 'quality',
'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'vcodec:vp9.2', 'channels', 'acodec',
'size', 'br', 'asr', 'proto', 'ext', 'hasaud', 'source', 'id') # These must not be aliases
ytdl_default = ('hasaud', 'lang', 'quality', 'tbr', 'filesize', 'vbr',
'height', 'width', 'proto', 'vext', 'abr', 'aext',
'fps', 'fs_approx', 'source', 'id')
settings = {
'vcodec': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True,
'order': ['av0?1', 'vp0?9.2', 'vp0?9', '[hx]265|he?vc?', '[hx]264|avc', 'vp0?8', 'mp4v|h263', 'theora', '', None, 'none']},
'acodec': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True,
'order': ['[af]lac', 'wav|aiff', 'opus', 'vorbis|ogg', 'aac', 'mp?4a?', 'mp3', 'e-?a?c-?3', 'ac-?3', 'dts', '', None, 'none']},
'hdr': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True, 'field': 'dynamic_range',
'order': ['dv', '(hdr)?12', r'(hdr)?10\+', '(hdr)?10', 'hlg', '', 'sdr', None]},
'proto': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True, 'field': 'protocol',
'order': ['(ht|f)tps', '(ht|f)tp$', 'm3u8.*', '.*dash', 'websocket_frag', 'rtmpe?', '', 'mms|rtsp', 'ws|websocket', 'f4']},
'vext': {'type': 'ordered', 'field': 'video_ext',
'order': ('mp4', 'webm', 'flv', '', 'none'),
'order_free': ('webm', 'mp4', 'flv', '', 'none')},
'aext': {'type': 'ordered', 'field': 'audio_ext',
'order': ('m4a', 'aac', 'mp3', 'ogg', 'opus', 'webm', '', 'none'),
'order_free': ('opus', 'ogg', 'webm', 'm4a', 'mp3', 'aac', '', 'none')},
'hidden': {'visible': False, 'forced': True, 'type': 'extractor', 'max': -1000},
'aud_or_vid': {'visible': False, 'forced': True, 'type': 'multiple',
'field': ('vcodec', 'acodec'),
'function': lambda it: int(any(v != 'none' for v in it))},
'ie_pref': {'priority': True, 'type': 'extractor'},
'hasvid': {'priority': True, 'field': 'vcodec', 'type': 'boolean', 'not_in_list': ('none',)},
'hasaud': {'field': 'acodec', 'type': 'boolean', 'not_in_list': ('none',)},
'lang': {'convert': 'float', 'field': 'language_preference', 'default': -1},
'quality': {'convert': 'float', 'default': -1},
'filesize': {'convert': 'bytes'},
'fs_approx': {'convert': 'bytes', 'field': 'filesize_approx'},
'id': {'convert': 'string', 'field': 'format_id'},
'height': {'convert': 'float_none'},
'width': {'convert': 'float_none'},
'fps': {'convert': 'float_none'},
'channels': {'convert': 'float_none', 'field': 'audio_channels'},
'tbr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
'vbr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
'abr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
'asr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
'source': {'convert': 'float', 'field': 'source_preference', 'default': -1},
'codec': {'type': 'combined', 'field': ('vcodec', 'acodec')},
'br': {'type': 'combined', 'field': ('tbr', 'vbr', 'abr'), 'same_limit': True},
'size': {'type': 'combined', 'same_limit': True, 'field': ('filesize', 'fs_approx')},
'ext': {'type': 'combined', 'field': ('vext', 'aext')},
'res': {'type': 'multiple', 'field': ('height', 'width'),
'function': lambda it: (lambda l: min(l) if l else 0)(tuple(filter(None, it)))},
# Actual field names
'format_id': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'id'},
'preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ie_pref'},
'language_preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'lang'},
'source_preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'source'},
'protocol': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'proto'},
'filesize_approx': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'fs_approx'},
'audio_channels': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'channels'},
# Deprecated
'dimension': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'res', 'deprecated': True},
'resolution': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'res', 'deprecated': True},
'extension': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ext', 'deprecated': True},
'bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'br', 'deprecated': True},
'total_bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'tbr', 'deprecated': True},
'video_bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'vbr', 'deprecated': True},
'audio_bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'abr', 'deprecated': True},
'framerate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'fps', 'deprecated': True},
'filesize_estimate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'size', 'deprecated': True},
'samplerate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'asr', 'deprecated': True},
'video_ext': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'vext', 'deprecated': True},
'audio_ext': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'aext', 'deprecated': True},
'video_codec': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'vcodec', 'deprecated': True},
'audio_codec': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'acodec', 'deprecated': True},
'video': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasvid', 'deprecated': True},
'has_video': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasvid', 'deprecated': True},
'audio': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasaud', 'deprecated': True},
'has_audio': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasaud', 'deprecated': True},
'extractor': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ie_pref', 'deprecated': True},
'extractor_preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ie_pref', 'deprecated': True},
}
def __init__(self, ie, field_preference):
self._order = []
self.ydl = ie._downloader
self.evaluate_params(self.ydl.params, field_preference)
if ie.get_param('verbose'):
self.print_verbose_info(self.ydl.write_debug)
def _get_field_setting(self, field, key):
if field not in self.settings:
if key in ('forced', 'priority'):
return False
self.ydl.deprecation_warning(
f'Using arbitrary fields ({field}) for format sorting is deprecated '
'and may be removed in a future version')
self.settings[field] = {}
propObj = self.settings[field]
if key not in propObj:
type = propObj.get('type')
if key == 'field':
default = 'preference' if type == 'extractor' else (field,) if type in ('combined', 'multiple') else field
elif key == 'convert':
default = 'order' if type == 'ordered' else 'float_string' if field else 'ignore'
else:
default = {'type': 'field', 'visible': True, 'order': [], 'not_in_list': (None,)}.get(key, None)
propObj[key] = default
return propObj[key]
def _resolve_field_value(self, field, value, convertNone=False):
if value is None:
if not convertNone:
return None
else:
value = value.lower()
conversion = self._get_field_setting(field, 'convert')
if conversion == 'ignore':
return None
if conversion == 'string':
return value
elif conversion == 'float_none':
return float_or_none(value)
elif conversion == 'bytes':
return FileDownloader.parse_bytes(value)
elif conversion == 'order':
order_list = (self._use_free_order and self._get_field_setting(field, 'order_free')) or self._get_field_setting(field, 'order')
use_regex = self._get_field_setting(field, 'regex')
list_length = len(order_list)
empty_pos = order_list.index('') if '' in order_list else list_length + 1
if use_regex and value is not None:
for i, regex in enumerate(order_list):
if regex and re.match(regex, value):
return list_length - i
return list_length - empty_pos # not in list
else: # not regex or value = None
return list_length - (order_list.index(value) if value in order_list else empty_pos)
else:
if value.isnumeric():
return float(value)
else:
self.settings[field]['convert'] = 'string'
return value
def evaluate_params(self, params, sort_extractor):
self._use_free_order = params.get('prefer_free_formats', False)
self._sort_user = params.get('format_sort', [])
self._sort_extractor = sort_extractor
def add_item(field, reverse, closest, limit_text):
field = field.lower()
if field in self._order:
return
self._order.append(field)
limit = self._resolve_field_value(field, limit_text)
data = {
'reverse': reverse,
'closest': False if limit is None else closest,
'limit_text': limit_text,
'limit': limit}
if field in self.settings:
self.settings[field].update(data)
else:
self.settings[field] = data
sort_list = (
tuple(field for field in self.default if self._get_field_setting(field, 'forced'))
+ (tuple() if params.get('format_sort_force', False)
else tuple(field for field in self.default if self._get_field_setting(field, 'priority')))
+ tuple(self._sort_user) + tuple(sort_extractor) + self.default)
for item in sort_list:
match = re.match(self.regex, item)
if match is None:
raise ExtractorError('Invalid format sort string "%s" given by extractor' % item)
field = match.group('field')
if field is None:
continue
if self._get_field_setting(field, 'type') == 'alias':
alias, field = field, self._get_field_setting(field, 'field')
if self._get_field_setting(alias, 'deprecated'):
self.ydl.deprecation_warning(
f'Format sorting alias {alias} is deprecated '
f'and may be removed in a future version. Please use {field} instead')
reverse = match.group('reverse') is not None
closest = match.group('separator') == '~'
limit_text = match.group('limit')
has_limit = limit_text is not None
has_multiple_fields = self._get_field_setting(field, 'type') == 'combined'
has_multiple_limits = has_limit and has_multiple_fields and not self._get_field_setting(field, 'same_limit')
fields = self._get_field_setting(field, 'field') if has_multiple_fields else (field,)
limits = limit_text.split(':') if has_multiple_limits else (limit_text,) if has_limit else tuple()
limit_count = len(limits)
for (i, f) in enumerate(fields):
add_item(f, reverse, closest,
limits[i] if i < limit_count
else limits[0] if has_limit and not has_multiple_limits
else None)
def print_verbose_info(self, write_debug):
if self._sort_user:
write_debug('Sort order given by user: %s' % ', '.join(self._sort_user))
if self._sort_extractor:
write_debug('Sort order given by extractor: %s' % ', '.join(self._sort_extractor))
write_debug('Formats sorted by: %s' % ', '.join(['%s%s%s' % (
'+' if self._get_field_setting(field, 'reverse') else '', field,
'%s%s(%s)' % ('~' if self._get_field_setting(field, 'closest') else ':',
self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit_text'),
self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit'))
if self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit_text') is not None else '')
for field in self._order if self._get_field_setting(field, 'visible')]))
def _calculate_field_preference_from_value(self, format, field, type, value):
reverse = self._get_field_setting(field, 'reverse')
closest = self._get_field_setting(field, 'closest')
limit = self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit')
if type == 'extractor':
maximum = self._get_field_setting(field, 'max')
if value is None or (maximum is not None and value >= maximum):
value = -1
elif type == 'boolean':
in_list = self._get_field_setting(field, 'in_list')
not_in_list = self._get_field_setting(field, 'not_in_list')
value = 0 if ((in_list is None or value in in_list) and (not_in_list is None or value not in not_in_list)) else -1
elif type == 'ordered':
value = self._resolve_field_value(field, value, True)
# try to convert to number
val_num = float_or_none(value, default=self._get_field_setting(field, 'default'))
is_num = self._get_field_setting(field, 'convert') != 'string' and val_num is not None
if is_num:
value = val_num
return ((-10, 0) if value is None
else (1, value, 0) if not is_num # if a field has mixed strings and numbers, strings are sorted higher
else (0, -abs(value - limit), value - limit if reverse else limit - value) if closest
else (0, value, 0) if not reverse and (limit is None or value <= limit)
else (0, -value, 0) if limit is None or (reverse and value == limit) or value > limit
else (-1, value, 0))
def _calculate_field_preference(self, format, field):
type = self._get_field_setting(field, 'type') # extractor, boolean, ordered, field, multiple
get_value = lambda f: format.get(self._get_field_setting(f, 'field'))
if type == 'multiple':
type = 'field' # Only 'field' is allowed in multiple for now
actual_fields = self._get_field_setting(field, 'field')
value = self._get_field_setting(field, 'function')(get_value(f) for f in actual_fields)
else:
value = get_value(field)
return self._calculate_field_preference_from_value(format, field, type, value)
def calculate_preference(self, format):
# Determine missing protocol
if not format.get('protocol'):
format['protocol'] = determine_protocol(format)
# Determine missing ext
if not format.get('ext') and 'url' in format:
format['ext'] = determine_ext(format['url'])
if format.get('vcodec') == 'none':
format['audio_ext'] = format['ext'] if format.get('acodec') != 'none' else 'none'
format['video_ext'] = 'none'
else:
format['video_ext'] = format['ext']
format['audio_ext'] = 'none'
# if format.get('preference') is None and format.get('ext') in ('f4f', 'f4m'): # Not supported?
# format['preference'] = -1000
# Determine missing bitrates
if format.get('tbr') is None:
if format.get('vbr') is not None and format.get('abr') is not None:
format['tbr'] = format.get('vbr', 0) + format.get('abr', 0)
else:
if format.get('vcodec') != 'none' and format.get('vbr') is None:
format['vbr'] = format.get('tbr') - format.get('abr', 0)
if format.get('acodec') != 'none' and format.get('abr') is None:
format['abr'] = format.get('tbr') - format.get('vbr', 0)
return tuple(self._calculate_field_preference(format, field) for field in self._order)
def _sort_formats(self, formats, field_preference=[]):
if not formats:
return
formats.sort(key=self.FormatSort(self, field_preference).calculate_preference)
def _check_formats(self, formats, video_id):
if formats:
formats[:] = filter(
lambda f: self._is_valid_url(
f['url'], video_id,
item='%s video format' % f.get('format_id') if f.get('format_id') else 'video'),
formats)
@staticmethod
def _remove_duplicate_formats(formats):
format_urls = set()
unique_formats = []
for f in formats:
if f['url'] not in format_urls:
format_urls.add(f['url'])
unique_formats.append(f)
formats[:] = unique_formats
def _is_valid_url(self, url, video_id, item='video', headers={}):
url = self._proto_relative_url(url, scheme='http:')
# For now assume non HTTP(S) URLs always valid
if not (url.startswith('http://') or url.startswith('https://')):
return True
try:
self._request_webpage(url, video_id, 'Checking %s URL' % item, headers=headers)
return True
except ExtractorError as e:
self.to_screen(
'%s: %s URL is invalid, skipping: %s'
% (video_id, item, error_to_compat_str(e.cause)))
return False
def http_scheme(self):
""" Either "http:" or "https:", depending on the user's preferences """
return (
'http:'
if self.get_param('prefer_insecure', False)
else 'https:')
def _proto_relative_url(self, url, scheme=None):
scheme = scheme or self.http_scheme()
assert scheme.endswith(':')
return sanitize_url(url, scheme=scheme[:-1])
def _sleep(self, timeout, video_id, msg_template=None):
if msg_template is None:
msg_template = '%(video_id)s: Waiting for %(timeout)s seconds'
msg = msg_template % {'video_id': video_id, 'timeout': timeout}
self.to_screen(msg)
time.sleep(timeout)
def _extract_f4m_formats(self, manifest_url, video_id, preference=None, quality=None, f4m_id=None,
transform_source=lambda s: fix_xml_ampersands(s).strip(),
fatal=True, m3u8_id=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
res = self._download_xml_handle(
manifest_url, video_id, 'Downloading f4m manifest',
'Unable to download f4m manifest',
# Some manifests may be malformed, e.g. prosiebensat1 generated manifests
# (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6215#issuecomment-121704244)
transform_source=transform_source,
fatal=fatal, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
if res is False:
return []
manifest, urlh = res
manifest_url = urlh.geturl()
return self._parse_f4m_formats(
manifest, manifest_url, video_id, preference=preference, quality=quality, f4m_id=f4m_id,
transform_source=transform_source, fatal=fatal, m3u8_id=m3u8_id)
def _parse_f4m_formats(self, manifest, manifest_url, video_id, preference=None, quality=None, f4m_id=None,
transform_source=lambda s: fix_xml_ampersands(s).strip(),
fatal=True, m3u8_id=None):
if not isinstance(manifest, xml.etree.ElementTree.Element) and not fatal:
return []
# currently yt-dlp cannot decode the playerVerificationChallenge as Akamai uses Adobe Alchemy
akamai_pv = manifest.find('{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/1.0}pv-2.0')
if akamai_pv is not None and ';' in akamai_pv.text:
playerVerificationChallenge = akamai_pv.text.split(';')[0]
if playerVerificationChallenge.strip() != '':
return []
formats = []
manifest_version = '1.0'
media_nodes = manifest.findall('{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/1.0}media')
if not media_nodes:
manifest_version = '2.0'
media_nodes = manifest.findall('{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/2.0}media')
# Remove unsupported DRM protected media from final formats
# rendition (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8573).
media_nodes = remove_encrypted_media(media_nodes)
if not media_nodes:
return formats
manifest_base_url = get_base_url(manifest)
bootstrap_info = xpath_element(
manifest, ['{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/1.0}bootstrapInfo', '{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/2.0}bootstrapInfo'],
'bootstrap info', default=None)
vcodec = None
mime_type = xpath_text(
manifest, ['{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/1.0}mimeType', '{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/2.0}mimeType'],
'base URL', default=None)
if mime_type and mime_type.startswith('audio/'):
vcodec = 'none'
for i, media_el in enumerate(media_nodes):
tbr = int_or_none(media_el.attrib.get('bitrate'))
width = int_or_none(media_el.attrib.get('width'))
height = int_or_none(media_el.attrib.get('height'))
format_id = join_nonempty(f4m_id, tbr or i)
# If <bootstrapInfo> is present, the specified f4m is a
# stream-level manifest, and only set-level manifests may refer to
# external resources. See section 11.4 and section 4 of F4M spec
if bootstrap_info is None:
media_url = None
# @href is introduced in 2.0, see section 11.6 of F4M spec
if manifest_version == '2.0':
media_url = media_el.attrib.get('href')
if media_url is None:
media_url = media_el.attrib.get('url')
if not media_url:
continue
manifest_url = (
media_url if media_url.startswith('http://') or media_url.startswith('https://')
else ((manifest_base_url or '/'.join(manifest_url.split('/')[:-1])) + '/' + media_url))
# If media_url is itself a f4m manifest do the recursive extraction
# since bitrates in parent manifest (this one) and media_url manifest
# may differ leading to inability to resolve the format by requested
# bitrate in f4m downloader
ext = determine_ext(manifest_url)
if ext == 'f4m':
f4m_formats = self._extract_f4m_formats(
manifest_url, video_id, preference=preference, quality=quality, f4m_id=f4m_id,
transform_source=transform_source, fatal=fatal)
# Sometimes stream-level manifest contains single media entry that
# does not contain any quality metadata (e.g. http://matchtv.ru/#live-player).
# At the same time parent's media entry in set-level manifest may
# contain it. We will copy it from parent in such cases.
if len(f4m_formats) == 1:
f = f4m_formats[0]
f.update({
'tbr': f.get('tbr') or tbr,
'width': f.get('width') or width,
'height': f.get('height') or height,
'format_id': f.get('format_id') if not tbr else format_id,
'vcodec': vcodec,
})
formats.extend(f4m_formats)
continue
elif ext == 'm3u8':
formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', preference=preference,
quality=quality, m3u8_id=m3u8_id, fatal=fatal))
continue
formats.append({
'format_id': format_id,
'url': manifest_url,
'manifest_url': manifest_url,
'ext': 'flv' if bootstrap_info is not None else None,
'protocol': 'f4m',
'tbr': tbr,
'width': width,
'height': height,
'vcodec': vcodec,
'preference': preference,
'quality': quality,
})
return formats
def _m3u8_meta_format(self, m3u8_url, ext=None, preference=None, quality=None, m3u8_id=None):
return {
'format_id': join_nonempty(m3u8_id, 'meta'),
'url': m3u8_url,
'ext': ext,
'protocol': 'm3u8',
'preference': preference - 100 if preference else -100,
'quality': quality,
'resolution': 'multiple',
'format_note': 'Quality selection URL',
}
def _report_ignoring_subs(self, name):
self.report_warning(bug_reports_message(
f'Ignoring subtitle tracks found in the {name} manifest; '
'if any subtitle tracks are missing,'
), only_once=True)
def _extract_m3u8_formats(self, *args, **kwargs):
fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(*args, **kwargs)
if subs:
self._report_ignoring_subs('HLS')
return fmts
def _extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
self, m3u8_url, video_id, ext=None, entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
preference=None, quality=None, m3u8_id=None, note=None,
errnote=None, fatal=True, live=False, data=None, headers={},
query={}):
res = self._download_webpage_handle(
m3u8_url, video_id,
note='Downloading m3u8 information' if note is None else note,
errnote='Failed to download m3u8 information' if errnote is None else errnote,
fatal=fatal, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
if res is False:
return [], {}
m3u8_doc, urlh = res
m3u8_url = urlh.geturl()
return self._parse_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
m3u8_doc, m3u8_url, ext=ext, entry_protocol=entry_protocol,
preference=preference, quality=quality, m3u8_id=m3u8_id,
note=note, errnote=errnote, fatal=fatal, live=live, data=data,
headers=headers, query=query, video_id=video_id)
def _parse_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
self, m3u8_doc, m3u8_url=None, ext=None, entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
preference=None, quality=None, m3u8_id=None, live=False, note=None,
errnote=None, fatal=True, data=None, headers={}, query={},
video_id=None):
formats, subtitles = [], {}
has_drm = re.search('|'.join([
r'#EXT-X-FAXS-CM:', # Adobe Flash Access
r'#EXT-X-(?:SESSION-)?KEY:.*?URI="skd://', # Apple FairPlay
]), m3u8_doc)
def format_url(url):
return url if re.match(r'^https?://', url) else urllib.parse.urljoin(m3u8_url, url)
if self.get_param('hls_split_discontinuity', False):
def _extract_m3u8_playlist_indices(manifest_url=None, m3u8_doc=None):
if not m3u8_doc:
if not manifest_url:
return []
m3u8_doc = self._download_webpage(
manifest_url, video_id, fatal=fatal, data=data, headers=headers,
note=False, errnote='Failed to download m3u8 playlist information')
if m3u8_doc is False:
return []
return range(1 + sum(line.startswith('#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY') for line in m3u8_doc.splitlines()))
else:
def _extract_m3u8_playlist_indices(*args, **kwargs):
return [None]
# References:
# 1. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-21
# 2. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/12211
# 3. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/18923
# We should try extracting formats only from master playlists [1, 4.3.4],
# i.e. playlists that describe available qualities. On the other hand
# media playlists [1, 4.3.3] should be returned as is since they contain
# just the media without qualities renditions.
# Fortunately, master playlist can be easily distinguished from media
# playlist based on particular tags availability. As of [1, 4.3.3, 4.3.4]
# master playlist tags MUST NOT appear in a media playlist and vice versa.
# As of [1, 4.3.3.1] #EXT-X-TARGETDURATION tag is REQUIRED for every
# media playlist and MUST NOT appear in master playlist thus we can
# clearly detect media playlist with this criterion.
if '#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION' in m3u8_doc: # media playlist, return as is
formats = [{
'format_id': join_nonempty(m3u8_id, idx),
'format_index': idx,
'url': m3u8_url or encode_data_uri(m3u8_doc.encode('utf-8'), 'application/x-mpegurl'),
'ext': ext,
'protocol': entry_protocol,
'preference': preference,
'quality': quality,
'has_drm': has_drm,
} for idx in _extract_m3u8_playlist_indices(m3u8_doc=m3u8_doc)]
return formats, subtitles
groups = {}
last_stream_inf = {}
def extract_media(x_media_line):
media = parse_m3u8_attributes(x_media_line)
# As per [1, 4.3.4.1] TYPE, GROUP-ID and NAME are REQUIRED
media_type, group_id, name = media.get('TYPE'), media.get('GROUP-ID'), media.get('NAME')
if not (media_type and group_id and name):
return
groups.setdefault(group_id, []).append(media)
# <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8216#section-4.3.4.1>
if media_type == 'SUBTITLES':
# According to RFC 8216 §4.3.4.2.1, URI is REQUIRED in the
# EXT-X-MEDIA tag if the media type is SUBTITLES.
# However, lack of URI has been spotted in the wild.
# e.g. NebulaIE; see https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/339
if not media.get('URI'):
return
url = format_url(media['URI'])
sub_info = {
'url': url,
'ext': determine_ext(url),
}
if sub_info['ext'] == 'm3u8':
# Per RFC 8216 §3.1, the only possible subtitle format m3u8
# files may contain is WebVTT:
# <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8216#section-3.1>
sub_info['ext'] = 'vtt'
sub_info['protocol'] = 'm3u8_native'
lang = media.get('LANGUAGE') or 'und'
subtitles.setdefault(lang, []).append(sub_info)
if media_type not in ('VIDEO', 'AUDIO'):
return
media_url = media.get('URI')
if media_url:
manifest_url = format_url(media_url)
formats.extend({
'format_id': join_nonempty(m3u8_id, group_id, name, idx),
'format_note': name,
'format_index': idx,
'url': manifest_url,
'manifest_url': m3u8_url,
'language': media.get('LANGUAGE'),
'ext': ext,
'protocol': entry_protocol,
'preference': preference,
'quality': quality,
'vcodec': 'none' if media_type == 'AUDIO' else None,
} for idx in _extract_m3u8_playlist_indices(manifest_url))
def build_stream_name():
# Despite specification does not mention NAME attribute for
# EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag it still sometimes may be present (see [1]
# or vidio test in TestInfoExtractor.test_parse_m3u8_formats)
# 1. http://www.vidio.com/watch/165683-dj_ambred-booyah-live-2015
stream_name = last_stream_inf.get('NAME')
if stream_name:
return stream_name
# If there is no NAME in EXT-X-STREAM-INF it will be obtained
# from corresponding rendition group
stream_group_id = last_stream_inf.get('VIDEO')
if not stream_group_id:
return
stream_group = groups.get(stream_group_id)
if not stream_group:
return stream_group_id
rendition = stream_group[0]
return rendition.get('NAME') or stream_group_id
# parse EXT-X-MEDIA tags before EXT-X-STREAM-INF in order to have the
# chance to detect video only formats when EXT-X-STREAM-INF tags
# precede EXT-X-MEDIA tags in HLS manifest such as [3].
for line in m3u8_doc.splitlines():
if line.startswith('#EXT-X-MEDIA:'):
extract_media(line)
for line in m3u8_doc.splitlines():
if line.startswith('#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:'):
last_stream_inf = parse_m3u8_attributes(line)
elif line.startswith('#') or not line.strip():
continue
else:
tbr = float_or_none(
last_stream_inf.get('AVERAGE-BANDWIDTH')
or last_stream_inf.get('BANDWIDTH'), scale=1000)
manifest_url = format_url(line.strip())
for idx in _extract_m3u8_playlist_indices(manifest_url):
format_id = [m3u8_id, None, idx]
# Bandwidth of live streams may differ over time thus making
# format_id unpredictable. So it's better to keep provided
# format_id intact.
if not live:
stream_name = build_stream_name()
format_id[1] = stream_name or '%d' % (tbr or len(formats))
f = {
'format_id': join_nonempty(*format_id),
'format_index': idx,
'url': manifest_url,
'manifest_url': m3u8_url,
'tbr': tbr,
'ext': ext,
'fps': float_or_none(last_stream_inf.get('FRAME-RATE')),
'protocol': entry_protocol,
'preference': preference,
'quality': quality,
}
resolution = last_stream_inf.get('RESOLUTION')
if resolution:
mobj = re.search(r'(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)', resolution)
if mobj:
f['width'] = int(mobj.group('width'))
f['height'] = int(mobj.group('height'))
# Unified Streaming Platform
mobj = re.search(
r'audio.*?(?:%3D|=)(\d+)(?:-video.*?(?:%3D|=)(\d+))?', f['url'])
if mobj:
abr, vbr = mobj.groups()
abr, vbr = float_or_none(abr, 1000), float_or_none(vbr, 1000)
f.update({
'vbr': vbr,
'abr': abr,
})
codecs = parse_codecs(last_stream_inf.get('CODECS'))
f.update(codecs)
audio_group_id = last_stream_inf.get('AUDIO')
# As per [1, 4.3.4.1.1] any EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag which
# references a rendition group MUST have a CODECS attribute.
# However, this is not always respected. E.g. [2]
# contains EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag which references AUDIO
# rendition group but does not have CODECS and despite
# referencing an audio group it represents a complete
# (with audio and video) format. So, for such cases we will
# ignore references to rendition groups and treat them
# as complete formats.
if audio_group_id and codecs and f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
audio_group = groups.get(audio_group_id)
if audio_group and audio_group[0].get('URI'):
# TODO: update acodec for audio only formats with
# the same GROUP-ID
f['acodec'] = 'none'
if not f.get('ext'):
f['ext'] = 'm4a' if f.get('vcodec') == 'none' else 'mp4'
formats.append(f)
# for DailyMotion
progressive_uri = last_stream_inf.get('PROGRESSIVE-URI')
if progressive_uri:
http_f = f.copy()
del http_f['manifest_url']
http_f.update({
'format_id': f['format_id'].replace('hls-', 'http-'),
'protocol': 'http',
'url': progressive_uri,
})
formats.append(http_f)
last_stream_inf = {}
return formats, subtitles
def _extract_m3u8_vod_duration(
self, m3u8_vod_url, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
m3u8_vod = self._download_webpage(
m3u8_vod_url, video_id,
note='Downloading m3u8 VOD manifest' if note is None else note,
errnote='Failed to download VOD manifest' if errnote is None else errnote,
fatal=False, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
return self._parse_m3u8_vod_duration(m3u8_vod or '', video_id)
def _parse_m3u8_vod_duration(self, m3u8_vod, video_id):
if '#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD' not in m3u8_vod:
return None
return int(sum(
float(line[len('#EXTINF:'):].split(',')[0])
for line in m3u8_vod.splitlines() if line.startswith('#EXTINF:'))) or None
@staticmethod
def _xpath_ns(path, namespace=None):
if not namespace:
return path
out = []
for c in path.split('/'):
if not c or c == '.':
out.append(c)
else:
out.append('{%s}%s' % (namespace, c))
return '/'.join(out)
def _extract_smil_formats_and_subtitles(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, f4m_params=None, transform_source=None):
res = self._download_smil(smil_url, video_id, fatal=fatal, transform_source=transform_source)
if res is False:
assert not fatal
return [], {}
smil, urlh = res
smil_url = urlh.geturl()
namespace = self._parse_smil_namespace(smil)
fmts = self._parse_smil_formats(
smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=namespace, f4m_params=f4m_params)
subs = self._parse_smil_subtitles(
smil, namespace=namespace)
return fmts, subs
def _extract_smil_formats(self, *args, **kwargs):
fmts, subs = self._extract_smil_formats_and_subtitles(*args, **kwargs)
if subs:
self._report_ignoring_subs('SMIL')
return fmts
def _extract_smil_info(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, f4m_params=None):
res = self._download_smil(smil_url, video_id, fatal=fatal)
if res is False:
return {}
smil, urlh = res
smil_url = urlh.geturl()
return self._parse_smil(smil, smil_url, video_id, f4m_params=f4m_params)
def _download_smil(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, transform_source=None):
return self._download_xml_handle(
smil_url, video_id, 'Downloading SMIL file',
'Unable to download SMIL file', fatal=fatal, transform_source=transform_source)
def _parse_smil(self, smil, smil_url, video_id, f4m_params=None):
namespace = self._parse_smil_namespace(smil)
formats = self._parse_smil_formats(
smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=namespace, f4m_params=f4m_params)
subtitles = self._parse_smil_subtitles(smil, namespace=namespace)
video_id = os.path.splitext(url_basename(smil_url))[0]
title = None
description = None
upload_date = None
for meta in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('./head/meta', namespace)):
name = meta.attrib.get('name')
content = meta.attrib.get('content')
if not name or not content:
continue
if not title and name == 'title':
title = content
elif not description and name in ('description', 'abstract'):
description = content
elif not upload_date and name == 'date':
upload_date = unified_strdate(content)
thumbnails = [{
'id': image.get('type'),
'url': image.get('src'),
'width': int_or_none(image.get('width')),
'height': int_or_none(image.get('height')),
} for image in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//image', namespace)) if image.get('src')]
return {
'id': video_id,
'title': title or video_id,
'description': description,
'upload_date': upload_date,
'thumbnails': thumbnails,
'formats': formats,
'subtitles': subtitles,
}
def _parse_smil_namespace(self, smil):
return self._search_regex(
r'(?i)^{([^}]+)?}smil$', smil.tag, 'namespace', default=None)
def _parse_smil_formats(self, smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=None, f4m_params=None, transform_rtmp_url=None):
base = smil_url
for meta in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('./head/meta', namespace)):
b = meta.get('base') or meta.get('httpBase')
if b:
base = b
break
formats = []
rtmp_count = 0
http_count = 0
m3u8_count = 0
imgs_count = 0
srcs = set()
media = smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//video', namespace)) + smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//audio', namespace))
for medium in media:
src = medium.get('src')
if not src or src in srcs:
continue
srcs.add(src)
bitrate = float_or_none(medium.get('system-bitrate') or medium.get('systemBitrate'), 1000)
filesize = int_or_none(medium.get('size') or medium.get('fileSize'))
width = int_or_none(medium.get('width'))
height = int_or_none(medium.get('height'))
proto = medium.get('proto')
ext = medium.get('ext')
src_ext = determine_ext(src)
streamer = medium.get('streamer') or base
if proto == 'rtmp' or streamer.startswith('rtmp'):
rtmp_count += 1
formats.append({
'url': streamer,
'play_path': src,
'ext': 'flv',
'format_id': 'rtmp-%d' % (rtmp_count if bitrate is None else bitrate),
'tbr': bitrate,
'filesize': filesize,
'width': width,
'height': height,
})
if transform_rtmp_url:
streamer, src = transform_rtmp_url(streamer, src)
formats[-1].update({
'url': streamer,
'play_path': src,
})
continue
src_url = src if src.startswith('http') else urllib.parse.urljoin(base, src)
src_url = src_url.strip()
if proto == 'm3u8' or src_ext == 'm3u8':
m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
src_url, video_id, ext or 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
if len(m3u8_formats) == 1:
m3u8_count += 1
m3u8_formats[0].update({
'format_id': 'hls-%d' % (m3u8_count if bitrate is None else bitrate),
'tbr': bitrate,
'width': width,
'height': height,
})
formats.extend(m3u8_formats)
elif src_ext == 'f4m':
f4m_url = src_url
if not f4m_params:
f4m_params = {
'hdcore': '3.2.0',
'plugin': 'flowplayer-3.2.0.1',
}
f4m_url += '&' if '?' in f4m_url else '?'
f4m_url += urllib.parse.urlencode(f4m_params)
formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(f4m_url, video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
elif src_ext == 'mpd':
formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
src_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
elif re.search(r'\.ism/[Mm]anifest', src_url):
formats.extend(self._extract_ism_formats(
src_url, video_id, ism_id='mss', fatal=False))
elif src_url.startswith('http') and self._is_valid_url(src, video_id):
http_count += 1
formats.append({
'url': src_url,
'ext': ext or src_ext or 'flv',
'format_id': 'http-%d' % (bitrate or http_count),
'tbr': bitrate,
'filesize': filesize,
'width': width,
'height': height,
})
for medium in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//imagestream', namespace)):
src = medium.get('src')
if not src or src in srcs:
continue
srcs.add(src)
imgs_count += 1
formats.append({
'format_id': 'imagestream-%d' % (imgs_count),
'url': src,
'ext': mimetype2ext(medium.get('type')),
'acodec': 'none',
'vcodec': 'none',
'width': int_or_none(medium.get('width')),
'height': int_or_none(medium.get('height')),
'format_note': 'SMIL storyboards',
})
return formats
def _parse_smil_subtitles(self, smil, namespace=None, subtitles_lang='en'):
urls = []
subtitles = {}
for num, textstream in enumerate(smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//textstream', namespace))):
src = textstream.get('src')
if not src or src in urls:
continue
urls.append(src)
ext = textstream.get('ext') or mimetype2ext(textstream.get('type')) or determine_ext(src)
lang = textstream.get('systemLanguage') or textstream.get('systemLanguageName') or textstream.get('lang') or subtitles_lang
subtitles.setdefault(lang, []).append({
'url': src,
'ext': ext,
})
return subtitles
def _extract_xspf_playlist(self, xspf_url, playlist_id, fatal=True):
res = self._download_xml_handle(
xspf_url, playlist_id, 'Downloading xpsf playlist',
'Unable to download xspf manifest', fatal=fatal)
if res is False:
return []
xspf, urlh = res
xspf_url = urlh.geturl()
return self._parse_xspf(
xspf, playlist_id, xspf_url=xspf_url,
xspf_base_url=base_url(xspf_url))
def _parse_xspf(self, xspf_doc, playlist_id, xspf_url=None, xspf_base_url=None):
NS_MAP = {
'xspf': 'http://xspf.org/ns/0/',
's1': 'http://static.streamone.nl/player/ns/0',
}
entries = []
for track in xspf_doc.findall(xpath_with_ns('./xspf:trackList/xspf:track', NS_MAP)):
title = xpath_text(
track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:title', NS_MAP), 'title', default=playlist_id)
description = xpath_text(
track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:annotation', NS_MAP), 'description')
thumbnail = xpath_text(
track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:image', NS_MAP), 'thumbnail')
duration = float_or_none(
xpath_text(track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:duration', NS_MAP), 'duration'), 1000)
formats = []
for location in track.findall(xpath_with_ns('./xspf:location', NS_MAP)):
format_url = urljoin(xspf_base_url, location.text)
if not format_url:
continue
formats.append({
'url': format_url,
'manifest_url': xspf_url,
'format_id': location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:label', NS_MAP)),
'width': int_or_none(location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:width', NS_MAP))),
'height': int_or_none(location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:height', NS_MAP))),
})
self._sort_formats(formats)
entries.append({
'id': playlist_id,
'title': title,
'description': description,
'thumbnail': thumbnail,
'duration': duration,
'formats': formats,
})
return entries
def _extract_mpd_formats(self, *args, **kwargs):
fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(*args, **kwargs)
if subs:
self._report_ignoring_subs('DASH')
return fmts
def _extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
self, mpd_url, video_id, mpd_id=None, note=None, errnote=None,
fatal=True, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
res = self._download_xml_handle(
mpd_url, video_id,
note='Downloading MPD manifest' if note is None else note,
errnote='Failed to download MPD manifest' if errnote is None else errnote,
fatal=fatal, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
if res is False:
return [], {}
mpd_doc, urlh = res
if mpd_doc is None:
return [], {}
# We could have been redirected to a new url when we retrieved our mpd file.
mpd_url = urlh.geturl()
mpd_base_url = base_url(mpd_url)
return self._parse_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
mpd_doc, mpd_id, mpd_base_url, mpd_url)
def _parse_mpd_formats(self, *args, **kwargs):
fmts, subs = self._parse_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(*args, **kwargs)
if subs:
self._report_ignoring_subs('DASH')
return fmts
def _parse_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
self, mpd_doc, mpd_id=None, mpd_base_url='', mpd_url=None):
"""
Parse formats from MPD manifest.
References:
1. MPEG-DASH Standard, ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014(E),
http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/c065274_ISO_IEC_23009-1_2014.zip
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Adaptive_Streaming_over_HTTP
"""
if not self.get_param('dynamic_mpd', True):
if mpd_doc.get('type') == 'dynamic':
return [], {}
namespace = self._search_regex(r'(?i)^{([^}]+)?}MPD$', mpd_doc.tag, 'namespace', default=None)
def _add_ns(path):
return self._xpath_ns(path, namespace)
def is_drm_protected(element):
return element.find(_add_ns('ContentProtection')) is not None
def extract_multisegment_info(element, ms_parent_info):
ms_info = ms_parent_info.copy()
# As per [1, 5.3.9.2.2] SegmentList and SegmentTemplate share some
# common attributes and elements. We will only extract relevant
# for us.
def extract_common(source):
segment_timeline = source.find(_add_ns('SegmentTimeline'))
if segment_timeline is not None:
s_e = segment_timeline.findall(_add_ns('S'))
if s_e:
ms_info['total_number'] = 0
ms_info['s'] = []
for s in s_e:
r = int(s.get('r', 0))
ms_info['total_number'] += 1 + r
ms_info['s'].append({
't': int(s.get('t', 0)),
# @d is mandatory (see [1, 5.3.9.6.2, Table 17, page 60])
'd': int(s.attrib['d']),
'r': r,
})
start_number = source.get('startNumber')
if start_number:
ms_info['start_number'] = int(start_number)
timescale = source.get('timescale')
if timescale:
ms_info['timescale'] = int(timescale)
segment_duration = source.get('duration')
if segment_duration:
ms_info['segment_duration'] = float(segment_duration)
def extract_Initialization(source):
initialization = source.find(_add_ns('Initialization'))
if initialization is not None:
ms_info['initialization_url'] = initialization.attrib['sourceURL']
segment_list = element.find(_add_ns('SegmentList'))
if segment_list is not None:
extract_common(segment_list)
extract_Initialization(segment_list)
segment_urls_e = segment_list.findall(_add_ns('SegmentURL'))
if segment_urls_e:
ms_info['segment_urls'] = [segment.attrib['media'] for segment in segment_urls_e]
else:
segment_template = element.find(_add_ns('SegmentTemplate'))
if segment_template is not None:
extract_common(segment_template)
media = segment_template.get('media')
if media:
ms_info['media'] = media
initialization = segment_template.get('initialization')
if initialization:
ms_info['initialization'] = initialization
else:
extract_Initialization(segment_template)
return ms_info
mpd_duration = parse_duration(mpd_doc.get('mediaPresentationDuration'))
formats, subtitles = [], {}
stream_numbers = collections.defaultdict(int)
for period in mpd_doc.findall(_add_ns('Period')):
period_duration = parse_duration(period.get('duration')) or mpd_duration
period_ms_info = extract_multisegment_info(period, {
'start_number': 1,
'timescale': 1,
})
for adaptation_set in period.findall(_add_ns('AdaptationSet')):
adaption_set_ms_info = extract_multisegment_info(adaptation_set, period_ms_info)
for representation in adaptation_set.findall(_add_ns('Representation')):
representation_attrib = adaptation_set.attrib.copy()
representation_attrib.update(representation.attrib)
# According to [1, 5.3.7.2, Table 9, page 41], @mimeType is mandatory
mime_type = representation_attrib['mimeType']
content_type = representation_attrib.get('contentType', mime_type.split('/')[0])
codec_str = representation_attrib.get('codecs', '')
# Some kind of binary subtitle found in some youtube livestreams
if mime_type == 'application/x-rawcc':
codecs = {'scodec': codec_str}
else:
codecs = parse_codecs(codec_str)
if content_type not in ('video', 'audio', 'text'):
if mime_type == 'image/jpeg':
content_type = mime_type
elif codecs.get('vcodec', 'none') != 'none':
content_type = 'video'
elif codecs.get('acodec', 'none') != 'none':
content_type = 'audio'
elif codecs.get('scodec', 'none') != 'none':
content_type = 'text'
elif mimetype2ext(mime_type) in ('tt', 'dfxp', 'ttml', 'xml', 'json'):
content_type = 'text'
else:
self.report_warning('Unknown MIME type %s in DASH manifest' % mime_type)
continue
base_url = ''
for element in (representation, adaptation_set, period, mpd_doc):
base_url_e = element.find(_add_ns('BaseURL'))
if try_call(lambda: base_url_e.text) is not None:
base_url = base_url_e.text + base_url
if re.match(r'^https?://', base_url):
break
if mpd_base_url and base_url.startswith('/'):
base_url = urllib.parse.urljoin(mpd_base_url, base_url)
elif mpd_base_url and not re.match(r'^https?://', base_url):
if not mpd_base_url.endswith('/'):
mpd_base_url += '/'
base_url = mpd_base_url + base_url
representation_id = representation_attrib.get('id')
lang = representation_attrib.get('lang')
url_el = representation.find(_add_ns('BaseURL'))
filesize = int_or_none(url_el.attrib.get('{http://youtube.com/yt/2012/10/10}contentLength') if url_el is not None else None)
bandwidth = int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('bandwidth'))
if representation_id is not None:
format_id = representation_id
else:
format_id = content_type
if mpd_id:
format_id = mpd_id + '-' + format_id
if content_type in ('video', 'audio'):
f = {
'format_id': format_id,
'manifest_url': mpd_url,
'ext': mimetype2ext(mime_type),
'width': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('width')),
'height': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('height')),
'tbr': float_or_none(bandwidth, 1000),
'asr': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('audioSamplingRate')),
'fps': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('frameRate')),
'language': lang if lang not in ('mul', 'und', 'zxx', 'mis') else None,
'format_note': 'DASH %s' % content_type,
'filesize': filesize,
'container': mimetype2ext(mime_type) + '_dash',
**codecs
}
elif content_type == 'text':
f = {
'ext': mimetype2ext(mime_type),
'manifest_url': mpd_url,
'filesize': filesize,
}
elif content_type == 'image/jpeg':
# See test case in VikiIE
# https://www.viki.com/videos/1175236v-choosing-spouse-by-lottery-episode-1
f = {
'format_id': format_id,
'ext': 'mhtml',
'manifest_url': mpd_url,
'format_note': 'DASH storyboards (jpeg)',
'acodec': 'none',
'vcodec': 'none',
}
if is_drm_protected(adaptation_set) or is_drm_protected(representation):
f['has_drm'] = True
representation_ms_info = extract_multisegment_info(representation, adaption_set_ms_info)
def prepare_template(template_name, identifiers):
tmpl = representation_ms_info[template_name]
# First of, % characters outside $...$ templates
# must be escaped by doubling for proper processing
# by % operator string formatting used further (see
# https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/16867).
t = ''
in_template = False
for c in tmpl:
t += c
if c == '$':
in_template = not in_template
elif c == '%' and not in_template:
t += c
# Next, $...$ templates are translated to their
# %(...) counterparts to be used with % operator
if representation_id is not None:
t = t.replace('$RepresentationID$', representation_id)
t = re.sub(r'\$(%s)\$' % '|'.join(identifiers), r'%(\1)d', t)
t = re.sub(r'\$(%s)%%([^$]+)\$' % '|'.join(identifiers), r'%(\1)\2', t)
t.replace('$$', '$')
return t
# @initialization is a regular template like @media one
# so it should be handled just the same way (see
# https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11605)
if 'initialization' in representation_ms_info:
initialization_template = prepare_template(
'initialization',
# As per [1, 5.3.9.4.2, Table 15, page 54] $Number$ and
# $Time$ shall not be included for @initialization thus
# only $Bandwidth$ remains
('Bandwidth', ))
representation_ms_info['initialization_url'] = initialization_template % {
'Bandwidth': bandwidth,
}
def location_key(location):
return 'url' if re.match(r'^https?://', location) else 'path'
if 'segment_urls' not in representation_ms_info and 'media' in representation_ms_info:
media_template = prepare_template('media', ('Number', 'Bandwidth', 'Time'))
media_location_key = location_key(media_template)
# As per [1, 5.3.9.4.4, Table 16, page 55] $Number$ and $Time$
# can't be used at the same time
if '%(Number' in media_template and 's' not in representation_ms_info:
segment_duration = None
if 'total_number' not in representation_ms_info and 'segment_duration' in representation_ms_info:
segment_duration = float_or_none(representation_ms_info['segment_duration'], representation_ms_info['timescale'])
representation_ms_info['total_number'] = int(math.ceil(
float_or_none(period_duration, segment_duration, default=0)))
representation_ms_info['fragments'] = [{
media_location_key: media_template % {
'Number': segment_number,
'Bandwidth': bandwidth,
},
'duration': segment_duration,
} for segment_number in range(
representation_ms_info['start_number'],
representation_ms_info['total_number'] + representation_ms_info['start_number'])]
else:
# $Number*$ or $Time$ in media template with S list available
# Example $Number*$: http://www.svtplay.se/klipp/9023742/stopptid-om-bjorn-borg
# Example $Time$: https://play.arkena.com/embed/avp/v2/player/media/b41dda37-d8e7-4d3f-b1b5-9a9db578bdfe/1/129411
representation_ms_info['fragments'] = []
segment_time = 0
segment_d = None
segment_number = representation_ms_info['start_number']
def add_segment_url():
segment_url = media_template % {
'Time': segment_time,
'Bandwidth': bandwidth,
'Number': segment_number,
}
representation_ms_info['fragments'].append({
media_location_key: segment_url,
'duration': float_or_none(segment_d, representation_ms_info['timescale']),
})
for num, s in enumerate(representation_ms_info['s']):
segment_time = s.get('t') or segment_time
segment_d = s['d']
add_segment_url()
segment_number += 1
for r in range(s.get('r', 0)):
segment_time += segment_d
add_segment_url()
segment_number += 1
segment_time += segment_d
elif 'segment_urls' in representation_ms_info and 's' in representation_ms_info:
# No media template,
# e.g. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXZV5uAYMJI
# or any YouTube dashsegments video
fragments = []
segment_index = 0
timescale = representation_ms_info['timescale']
for s in representation_ms_info['s']:
duration = float_or_none(s['d'], timescale)
for r in range(s.get('r', 0) + 1):
segment_uri = representation_ms_info['segment_urls'][segment_index]
fragments.append({
location_key(segment_uri): segment_uri,
'duration': duration,
})
segment_index += 1
representation_ms_info['fragments'] = fragments
elif 'segment_urls' in representation_ms_info:
# Segment URLs with no SegmentTimeline
# E.g. https://www.seznam.cz/zpravy/clanek/cesko-zasahne-vitr-o-sile-vichrice-muze-byt-i-zivotu-nebezpecny-39091
# https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/14844
fragments = []
segment_duration = float_or_none(
representation_ms_info['segment_duration'],
representation_ms_info['timescale']) if 'segment_duration' in representation_ms_info else None
for segment_url in representation_ms_info['segment_urls']:
fragment = {
location_key(segment_url): segment_url,
}
if segment_duration:
fragment['duration'] = segment_duration
fragments.append(fragment)
representation_ms_info['fragments'] = fragments
# If there is a fragments key available then we correctly recognized fragmented media.
# Otherwise we will assume unfragmented media with direct access. Technically, such
# assumption is not necessarily correct since we may simply have no support for
# some forms of fragmented media renditions yet, but for now we'll use this fallback.
if 'fragments' in representation_ms_info:
f.update({
# NB: mpd_url may be empty when MPD manifest is parsed from a string
'url': mpd_url or base_url,
'fragment_base_url': base_url,
'fragments': [],
'protocol': 'http_dash_segments' if mime_type != 'image/jpeg' else 'mhtml',
})
if 'initialization_url' in representation_ms_info:
initialization_url = representation_ms_info['initialization_url']
if not f.get('url'):
f['url'] = initialization_url
f['fragments'].append({location_key(initialization_url): initialization_url})
f['fragments'].extend(representation_ms_info['fragments'])
if not period_duration:
period_duration = try_get(
representation_ms_info,
lambda r: sum(frag['duration'] for frag in r['fragments']), float)
else:
# Assuming direct URL to unfragmented media.
f['url'] = base_url
if content_type in ('video', 'audio', 'image/jpeg'):
f['manifest_stream_number'] = stream_numbers[f['url']]
stream_numbers[f['url']] += 1
formats.append(f)
elif content_type == 'text':
subtitles.setdefault(lang or 'und', []).append(f)
return formats, subtitles
def _extract_ism_formats(self, *args, **kwargs):
fmts, subs = self._extract_ism_formats_and_subtitles(*args, **kwargs)
if subs:
self._report_ignoring_subs('ISM')
return fmts
def _extract_ism_formats_and_subtitles(self, ism_url, video_id, ism_id=None, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
res = self._download_xml_handle(
ism_url, video_id,
note='Downloading ISM manifest' if note is None else note,
errnote='Failed to download ISM manifest' if errnote is None else errnote,
fatal=fatal, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
if res is False:
return [], {}
ism_doc, urlh = res
if ism_doc is None:
return [], {}
return self._parse_ism_formats_and_subtitles(ism_doc, urlh.geturl(), ism_id)
def _parse_ism_formats_and_subtitles(self, ism_doc, ism_url, ism_id=None):
"""
Parse formats from ISM manifest.
References:
1. [MS-SSTR]: Smooth Streaming Protocol,
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff469518.aspx
"""
if ism_doc.get('IsLive') == 'TRUE':
return [], {}
duration = int(ism_doc.attrib['Duration'])
timescale = int_or_none(ism_doc.get('TimeScale')) or 10000000
formats = []
subtitles = {}
for stream in ism_doc.findall('StreamIndex'):
stream_type = stream.get('Type')
if stream_type not in ('video', 'audio', 'text'):
continue
url_pattern = stream.attrib['Url']
stream_timescale = int_or_none(stream.get('TimeScale')) or timescale
stream_name = stream.get('Name')
stream_language = stream.get('Language', 'und')
for track in stream.findall('QualityLevel'):
fourcc = track.get('FourCC') or ('AACL' if track.get('AudioTag') == '255' else None)
# TODO: add support for WVC1 and WMAP
if fourcc not in ('H264', 'AVC1', 'AACL', 'TTML'):
self.report_warning('%s is not a supported codec' % fourcc)
continue
tbr = int(track.attrib['Bitrate']) // 1000
# [1] does not mention Width and Height attributes. However,
# they're often present while MaxWidth and MaxHeight are
# missing, so should be used as fallbacks
width = int_or_none(track.get('MaxWidth') or track.get('Width'))
height = int_or_none(track.get('MaxHeight') or track.get('Height'))
sampling_rate = int_or_none(track.get('SamplingRate'))
track_url_pattern = re.sub(r'{[Bb]itrate}', track.attrib['Bitrate'], url_pattern)
track_url_pattern = urllib.parse.urljoin(ism_url, track_url_pattern)
fragments = []
fragment_ctx = {
'time': 0,
}
stream_fragments = stream.findall('c')
for stream_fragment_index, stream_fragment in enumerate(stream_fragments):
fragment_ctx['time'] = int_or_none(stream_fragment.get('t')) or fragment_ctx['time']
fragment_repeat = int_or_none(stream_fragment.get('r')) or 1
fragment_ctx['duration'] = int_or_none(stream_fragment.get('d'))
if not fragment_ctx['duration']:
try:
next_fragment_time = int(stream_fragment[stream_fragment_index + 1].attrib['t'])
except IndexError:
next_fragment_time = duration
fragment_ctx['duration'] = (next_fragment_time - fragment_ctx['time']) / fragment_repeat
for _ in range(fragment_repeat):
fragments.append({
'url': re.sub(r'{start[ _]time}', str(fragment_ctx['time']), track_url_pattern),
'duration': fragment_ctx['duration'] / stream_timescale,
})
fragment_ctx['time'] += fragment_ctx['duration']
if stream_type == 'text':
subtitles.setdefault(stream_language, []).append({
'ext': 'ismt',
'protocol': 'ism',
'url': ism_url,
'manifest_url': ism_url,
'fragments': fragments,
'_download_params': {
'stream_type': stream_type,
'duration': duration,
'timescale': stream_timescale,
'fourcc': fourcc,
'language': stream_language,
'codec_private_data': track.get('CodecPrivateData'),
}
})
elif stream_type in ('video', 'audio'):
formats.append({
'format_id': join_nonempty(ism_id, stream_name, tbr),
'url': ism_url,
'manifest_url': ism_url,
'ext': 'ismv' if stream_type == 'video' else 'isma',
'width': width,
'height': height,
'tbr': tbr,
'asr': sampling_rate,
'vcodec': 'none' if stream_type == 'audio' else fourcc,
'acodec': 'none' if stream_type == 'video' else fourcc,
'protocol': 'ism',
'fragments': fragments,
'has_drm': ism_doc.find('Protection') is not None,
'_download_params': {
'stream_type': stream_type,
'duration': duration,
'timescale': stream_timescale,
'width': width or 0,
'height': height or 0,
'fourcc': fourcc,
'language': stream_language,
'codec_private_data': track.get('CodecPrivateData'),
'sampling_rate': sampling_rate,
'channels': int_or_none(track.get('Channels', 2)),
'bits_per_sample': int_or_none(track.get('BitsPerSample', 16)),
'nal_unit_length_field': int_or_none(track.get('NALUnitLengthField', 4)),
},
})
return formats, subtitles
def _parse_html5_media_entries(self, base_url, webpage, video_id, m3u8_id=None, m3u8_entry_protocol='m3u8_native', mpd_id=None, preference=None, quality=None):
def absolute_url(item_url):
return urljoin(base_url, item_url)
def parse_content_type(content_type):
if not content_type:
return {}
ctr = re.search(r'(?P<mimetype>[^/]+/[^;]+)(?:;\s*codecs="?(?P<codecs>[^"]+))?', content_type)
if ctr:
mimetype, codecs = ctr.groups()
f = parse_codecs(codecs)
f['ext'] = mimetype2ext(mimetype)
return f
return {}
def _media_formats(src, cur_media_type, type_info=None):
type_info = type_info or {}
full_url = absolute_url(src)
ext = type_info.get('ext') or determine_ext(full_url)
if ext == 'm3u8':
is_plain_url = False
formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
full_url, video_id, ext='mp4',
entry_protocol=m3u8_entry_protocol, m3u8_id=m3u8_id,
preference=preference, quality=quality, fatal=False)
elif ext == 'mpd':
is_plain_url = False
formats = self._extract_mpd_formats(
full_url, video_id, mpd_id=mpd_id, fatal=False)
else:
is_plain_url = True
formats = [{
'url': full_url,
'vcodec': 'none' if cur_media_type == 'audio' else None,
'ext': ext,
}]
return is_plain_url, formats
entries = []
# amp-video and amp-audio are very similar to their HTML5 counterparts
# so we will include them right here (see
# https://www.ampproject.org/docs/reference/components/amp-video)
# For dl8-* tags see https://delight-vr.com/documentation/dl8-video/
_MEDIA_TAG_NAME_RE = r'(?:(?:amp|dl8(?:-live)?)-)?(video|audio)'
media_tags = [(media_tag, media_tag_name, media_type, '')
for media_tag, media_tag_name, media_type
in re.findall(r'(?s)(<(%s)[^>]*/>)' % _MEDIA_TAG_NAME_RE, webpage)]
media_tags.extend(re.findall(
# We only allow video|audio followed by a whitespace or '>'.
# Allowing more characters may end up in significant slow down (see
# https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11979,
# e.g. http://www.porntrex.com/maps/videositemap.xml).
r'(?s)(<(?P<tag>%s)(?:\s+[^>]*)?>)(.*?)</(?P=tag)>' % _MEDIA_TAG_NAME_RE, webpage))
for media_tag, _, media_type, media_content in media_tags:
media_info = {
'formats': [],
'subtitles': {},
}
media_attributes = extract_attributes(media_tag)
src = strip_or_none(media_attributes.get('src'))
if src:
f = parse_content_type(media_attributes.get('type'))
_, formats = _media_formats(src, media_type, f)
media_info['formats'].extend(formats)
media_info['thumbnail'] = absolute_url(media_attributes.get('poster'))
if media_content:
for source_tag in re.findall(r'<source[^>]+>', media_content):
s_attr = extract_attributes(source_tag)
# data-video-src and data-src are non standard but seen
# several times in the wild
src = strip_or_none(dict_get(s_attr, ('src', 'data-video-src', 'data-src')))
if not src:
continue
f = parse_content_type(s_attr.get('type'))
is_plain_url, formats = _media_formats(src, media_type, f)
if is_plain_url:
# width, height, res, label and title attributes are
# all not standard but seen several times in the wild
labels = [
s_attr.get(lbl)
for lbl in ('label', 'title')
if str_or_none(s_attr.get(lbl))
]
width = int_or_none(s_attr.get('width'))
height = (int_or_none(s_attr.get('height'))
or int_or_none(s_attr.get('res')))
if not width or not height:
for lbl in labels:
resolution = parse_resolution(lbl)
if not resolution:
continue
width = width or resolution.get('width')
height = height or resolution.get('height')
for lbl in labels:
tbr = parse_bitrate(lbl)
if tbr:
break
else:
tbr = None
f.update({
'width': width,
'height': height,
'tbr': tbr,
'format_id': s_attr.get('label') or s_attr.get('title'),
})
f.update(formats[0])
media_info['formats'].append(f)
else:
media_info['formats'].extend(formats)
for track_tag in re.findall(r'<track[^>]+>', media_content):
track_attributes = extract_attributes(track_tag)
kind = track_attributes.get('kind')
if not kind or kind in ('subtitles', 'captions'):
src = strip_or_none(track_attributes.get('src'))
if not src:
continue
lang = track_attributes.get('srclang') or track_attributes.get('lang') or track_attributes.get('label')
media_info['subtitles'].setdefault(lang, []).append({
'url': absolute_url(src),
})
for f in media_info['formats']:
f.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Referer'] = base_url
if media_info['formats'] or media_info['subtitles']:
entries.append(media_info)
return entries
def _extract_akamai_formats(self, *args, **kwargs):
fmts, subs = self._extract_akamai_formats_and_subtitles(*args, **kwargs)
if subs:
self._report_ignoring_subs('akamai')
return fmts
def _extract_akamai_formats_and_subtitles(self, manifest_url, video_id, hosts={}):
signed = 'hdnea=' in manifest_url
if not signed:
# https://learn.akamai.com/en-us/webhelp/media-services-on-demand/stream-packaging-user-guide/GUID-BE6C0F73-1E06-483B-B0EA-57984B91B7F9.html
manifest_url = re.sub(
r'(?:b=[\d,-]+|(?:__a__|attributes)=off|__b__=\d+)&?',
'', manifest_url).strip('?')
formats = []
subtitles = {}
hdcore_sign = 'hdcore=3.7.0'
f4m_url = re.sub(r'(https?://[^/]+)/i/', r'\1/z/', manifest_url).replace('/master.m3u8', '/manifest.f4m')
hds_host = hosts.get('hds')
if hds_host:
f4m_url = re.sub(r'(https?://)[^/]+', r'\1' + hds_host, f4m_url)
if 'hdcore=' not in f4m_url:
f4m_url += ('&' if '?' in f4m_url else '?') + hdcore_sign
f4m_formats = self._extract_f4m_formats(
f4m_url, video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False)
for entry in f4m_formats:
entry.update({'extra_param_to_segment_url': hdcore_sign})
formats.extend(f4m_formats)
m3u8_url = re.sub(r'(https?://[^/]+)/z/', r'\1/i/', manifest_url).replace('/manifest.f4m', '/master.m3u8')
hls_host = hosts.get('hls')
if hls_host:
m3u8_url = re.sub(r'(https?://)[^/]+', r'\1' + hls_host, m3u8_url)
m3u8_formats, m3u8_subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native',
m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
formats.extend(m3u8_formats)
subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, m3u8_subtitles)
http_host = hosts.get('http')
if http_host and m3u8_formats and not signed:
REPL_REGEX = r'https?://[^/]+/i/([^,]+),([^/]+),([^/]+)\.csmil/.+'
qualities = re.match(REPL_REGEX, m3u8_url).group(2).split(',')
qualities_length = len(qualities)
if len(m3u8_formats) in (qualities_length, qualities_length + 1):
i = 0
for f in m3u8_formats:
if f['vcodec'] != 'none':
for protocol in ('http', 'https'):
http_f = f.copy()
del http_f['manifest_url']
http_url = re.sub(
REPL_REGEX, protocol + fr'://{http_host}/\g<1>{qualities[i]}\3', f['url'])
http_f.update({
'format_id': http_f['format_id'].replace('hls-', protocol + '-'),
'url': http_url,
'protocol': protocol,
})
formats.append(http_f)
i += 1
return formats, subtitles
def _extract_wowza_formats(self, url, video_id, m3u8_entry_protocol='m3u8_native', skip_protocols=[]):
query = urllib.parse.urlparse(url).query
url = re.sub(r'/(?:manifest|playlist|jwplayer)\.(?:m3u8|f4m|mpd|smil)', '', url)
mobj = re.search(
r'(?:(?:http|rtmp|rtsp)(?P<s>s)?:)?(?P<url>//[^?]+)', url)
url_base = mobj.group('url')
http_base_url = '%s%s:%s' % ('http', mobj.group('s') or '', url_base)
formats = []
def manifest_url(manifest):
m_url = f'{http_base_url}/{manifest}'
if query:
m_url += '?%s' % query
return m_url
if 'm3u8' not in skip_protocols:
formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
manifest_url('playlist.m3u8'), video_id, 'mp4',
m3u8_entry_protocol, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
if 'f4m' not in skip_protocols:
formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(
manifest_url('manifest.f4m'),
video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
if 'dash' not in skip_protocols:
formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
manifest_url('manifest.mpd'),
video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
if re.search(r'(?:/smil:|\.smil)', url_base):
if 'smil' not in skip_protocols:
rtmp_formats = self._extract_smil_formats(
manifest_url('jwplayer.smil'),
video_id, fatal=False)
for rtmp_format in rtmp_formats:
rtsp_format = rtmp_format.copy()
rtsp_format['url'] = '%s/%s' % (rtmp_format['url'], rtmp_format['play_path'])
del rtsp_format['play_path']
del rtsp_format['ext']
rtsp_format.update({
'url': rtsp_format['url'].replace('rtmp://', 'rtsp://'),
'format_id': rtmp_format['format_id'].replace('rtmp', 'rtsp'),
'protocol': 'rtsp',
})
formats.extend([rtmp_format, rtsp_format])
else:
for protocol in ('rtmp', 'rtsp'):
if protocol not in skip_protocols:
formats.append({
'url': f'{protocol}:{url_base}',
'format_id': protocol,
'protocol': protocol,
})
return formats
def _find_jwplayer_data(self, webpage, video_id=None, transform_source=js_to_json):
mobj = re.search(
r'(?s)jwplayer\((?P<quote>[\'"])[^\'" ]+(?P=quote)\)(?!</script>).*?\.setup\s*\((?P<options>[^)]+)\)',
webpage)
if mobj:
try:
jwplayer_data = self._parse_json(mobj.group('options'),
video_id=video_id,
transform_source=transform_source)
except ExtractorError:
pass
else:
if isinstance(jwplayer_data, dict):
return jwplayer_data
def _extract_jwplayer_data(self, webpage, video_id, *args, **kwargs):
jwplayer_data = self._find_jwplayer_data(
webpage, video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
return self._parse_jwplayer_data(
jwplayer_data, video_id, *args, **kwargs)
def _parse_jwplayer_data(self, jwplayer_data, video_id=None, require_title=True,
m3u8_id=None, mpd_id=None, rtmp_params=None, base_url=None):
# JWPlayer backward compatibility: flattened playlists
# https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/v7.4.3/src/js/api/config.js#L81-L96
if 'playlist' not in jwplayer_data:
jwplayer_data = {'playlist': [jwplayer_data]}
entries = []
# JWPlayer backward compatibility: single playlist item
# https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/v7.7.0/src/js/playlist/playlist.js#L10
if not isinstance(jwplayer_data['playlist'], list):
jwplayer_data['playlist'] = [jwplayer_data['playlist']]
for video_data in jwplayer_data['playlist']:
# JWPlayer backward compatibility: flattened sources
# https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/v7.4.3/src/js/playlist/item.js#L29-L35
if 'sources' not in video_data:
video_data['sources'] = [video_data]
this_video_id = video_id or video_data['mediaid']
formats = self._parse_jwplayer_formats(
video_data['sources'], video_id=this_video_id, m3u8_id=m3u8_id,
mpd_id=mpd_id, rtmp_params=rtmp_params, base_url=base_url)
subtitles = {}
tracks = video_data.get('tracks')
if tracks and isinstance(tracks, list):
for track in tracks:
if not isinstance(track, dict):
continue
track_kind = track.get('kind')
if not track_kind or not isinstance(track_kind, str):
continue
if track_kind.lower() not in ('captions', 'subtitles'):
continue
track_url = urljoin(base_url, track.get('file'))
if not track_url:
continue
subtitles.setdefault(track.get('label') or 'en', []).append({
'url': self._proto_relative_url(track_url)
})
entry = {
'id': this_video_id,
'title': unescapeHTML(video_data['title'] if require_title else video_data.get('title')),
'description': clean_html(video_data.get('description')),
'thumbnail': urljoin(base_url, self._proto_relative_url(video_data.get('image'))),
'timestamp': int_or_none(video_data.get('pubdate')),
'duration': float_or_none(jwplayer_data.get('duration') or video_data.get('duration')),
'subtitles': subtitles,
}
# https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/master/src/js/utils/validator.js#L32
if len(formats) == 1 and re.search(r'^(?:http|//).*(?:youtube\.com|youtu\.be)/.+', formats[0]['url']):
entry.update({
'_type': 'url_transparent',
'url': formats[0]['url'],
})
else:
self._sort_formats(formats)
entry['formats'] = formats
entries.append(entry)
if len(entries) == 1:
return entries[0]
else:
return self.playlist_result(entries)
def _parse_jwplayer_formats(self, jwplayer_sources_data, video_id=None,
m3u8_id=None, mpd_id=None, rtmp_params=None, base_url=None):
urls = []
formats = []
for source in jwplayer_sources_data:
if not isinstance(source, dict):
continue
source_url = urljoin(
base_url, self._proto_relative_url(source.get('file')))
if not source_url or source_url in urls:
continue
urls.append(source_url)
source_type = source.get('type') or ''
ext = mimetype2ext(source_type) or determine_ext(source_url)
if source_type == 'hls' or ext == 'm3u8':
formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
source_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
m3u8_id=m3u8_id, fatal=False))
elif source_type == 'dash' or ext == 'mpd':
formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
source_url, video_id, mpd_id=mpd_id, fatal=False))
elif ext == 'smil':
formats.extend(self._extract_smil_formats(
source_url, video_id, fatal=False))
# https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/master/src/js/providers/default.js#L67
elif source_type.startswith('audio') or ext in (
'oga', 'aac', 'mp3', 'mpeg', 'vorbis'):
formats.append({
'url': source_url,
'vcodec': 'none',
'ext': ext,
})
else:
height = int_or_none(source.get('height'))
if height is None:
# Often no height is provided but there is a label in
# format like "1080p", "720p SD", or 1080.
height = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
r'^(\d{3,4})[pP]?(?:\b|$)', str(source.get('label') or ''),
'height', default=None))
a_format = {
'url': source_url,
'width': int_or_none(source.get('width')),
'height': height,
'tbr': int_or_none(source.get('bitrate')),
'ext': ext,
}
if source_url.startswith('rtmp'):
a_format['ext'] = 'flv'
# See com/longtailvideo/jwplayer/media/RTMPMediaProvider.as
# of jwplayer.flash.swf
rtmp_url_parts = re.split(
r'((?:mp4|mp3|flv):)', source_url, 1)
if len(rtmp_url_parts) == 3:
rtmp_url, prefix, play_path = rtmp_url_parts
a_format.update({
'url': rtmp_url,
'play_path': prefix + play_path,
})
if rtmp_params:
a_format.update(rtmp_params)
formats.append(a_format)
return formats
def _live_title(self, name):
self._downloader.deprecation_warning('yt_dlp.InfoExtractor._live_title is deprecated and does not work as expected')
return name
def _int(self, v, name, fatal=False, **kwargs):
res = int_or_none(v, **kwargs)
if res is None:
msg = f'Failed to extract {name}: Could not parse value {v!r}'
if fatal:
raise ExtractorError(msg)
else:
self.report_warning(msg)
return res
def _float(self, v, name, fatal=False, **kwargs):
res = float_or_none(v, **kwargs)
if res is None:
msg = f'Failed to extract {name}: Could not parse value {v!r}'
if fatal:
raise ExtractorError(msg)
else:
self.report_warning(msg)
return res
def _set_cookie(self, domain, name, value, expire_time=None, port=None,
path='/', secure=False, discard=False, rest={}, **kwargs):
cookie = http.cookiejar.Cookie(
0, name, value, port, port is not None, domain, True,
domain.startswith('.'), path, True, secure, expire_time,
discard, None, None, rest)
self.cookiejar.set_cookie(cookie)
def _get_cookies(self, url):
""" Return a http.cookies.SimpleCookie with the cookies for the url """
return http.cookies.SimpleCookie(self._downloader._calc_cookies(url))
def _apply_first_set_cookie_header(self, url_handle, cookie):
"""
Apply first Set-Cookie header instead of the last. Experimental.
Some sites (e.g. [1-3]) may serve two cookies under the same name
in Set-Cookie header and expect the first (old) one to be set rather
than second (new). However, as of RFC6265 the newer one cookie
should be set into cookie store what actually happens.
We will workaround this issue by resetting the cookie to
the first one manually.
1. https://new.vk.com/
2. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/9841#issuecomment-227871201
3. https://learning.oreilly.com/
"""
for header, cookies in url_handle.headers.items():
if header.lower() != 'set-cookie':
continue
cookies = cookies.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('utf-8')
cookie_value = re.search(
r'%s=(.+?);.*?\b[Dd]omain=(.+?)(?:[,;]|$)' % cookie, cookies)
if cookie_value:
value, domain = cookie_value.groups()
self._set_cookie(domain, cookie, value)
break
@classmethod
def get_testcases(cls, include_onlymatching=False):
t = getattr(cls, '_TEST', None)
if t:
assert not hasattr(cls, '_TESTS'), f'{cls.ie_key()}IE has _TEST and _TESTS'
tests = [t]
else:
tests = getattr(cls, '_TESTS', [])
for t in tests:
if not include_onlymatching and t.get('only_matching', False):
continue
t['name'] = cls.ie_key()
yield t
@classmethod
def get_webpage_testcases(cls):
tests = getattr(cls, '_WEBPAGE_TESTS', [])
for t in tests:
t['name'] = cls.ie_key()
return tests
@classproperty
def age_limit(cls):
"""Get age limit from the testcases"""
return max(traverse_obj(
(*cls.get_testcases(include_onlymatching=False), *cls.get_webpage_testcases()),
(..., (('playlist', 0), None), 'info_dict', 'age_limit')) or [0])
@classmethod
def is_suitable(cls, age_limit):
"""Test whether the extractor is generally suitable for the given age limit"""
return not age_restricted(cls.age_limit, age_limit)
@classmethod
def description(cls, *, markdown=True, search_examples=None):
"""Description of the extractor"""
desc = ''
if cls._NETRC_MACHINE:
if markdown:
desc += f' [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>{cls._NETRC_MACHINE}</em></abbr>]'
else:
desc += f' [{cls._NETRC_MACHINE}]'
if cls.IE_DESC is False:
desc += ' [HIDDEN]'
elif cls.IE_DESC:
desc += f' {cls.IE_DESC}'
if cls.SEARCH_KEY:
desc += f'; "{cls.SEARCH_KEY}:" prefix'
if search_examples:
_COUNTS = ('', '5', '10', 'all')
desc += f' (e.g. "{cls.SEARCH_KEY}{random.choice(_COUNTS)}:{random.choice(search_examples)}")'
if not cls.working():
desc += ' (**Currently broken**)' if markdown else ' (Currently broken)'
name = f' - **{cls.IE_NAME}**' if markdown else cls.IE_NAME
return f'{name}:{desc}' if desc else name
def extract_subtitles(self, *args, **kwargs):
if (self.get_param('writesubtitles', False)
or self.get_param('listsubtitles')):
return self._get_subtitles(*args, **kwargs)
return {}
def _get_subtitles(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
def extract_comments(self, *args, **kwargs):
if not self.get_param('getcomments'):
return None
generator = self._get_comments(*args, **kwargs)
def extractor():
comments = []
interrupted = True
try:
while True:
comments.append(next(generator))
except StopIteration:
interrupted = False
except KeyboardInterrupt:
self.to_screen('Interrupted by user')
except Exception as e:
if self.get_param('ignoreerrors') is not True:
raise
self._downloader.report_error(e)
comment_count = len(comments)
self.to_screen(f'Extracted {comment_count} comments')
return {
'comments': comments,
'comment_count': None if interrupted else comment_count
}
return extractor
def _get_comments(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
@staticmethod
def _merge_subtitle_items(subtitle_list1, subtitle_list2):
""" Merge subtitle items for one language. Items with duplicated URLs/data
will be dropped. """
list1_data = {(item.get('url'), item.get('data')) for item in subtitle_list1}
ret = list(subtitle_list1)
ret.extend(item for item in subtitle_list2 if (item.get('url'), item.get('data')) not in list1_data)
return ret
@classmethod
def _merge_subtitles(cls, *dicts, target=None):
""" Merge subtitle dictionaries, language by language. """
if target is None:
target = {}
for d in dicts:
for lang, subs in d.items():
target[lang] = cls._merge_subtitle_items(target.get(lang, []), subs)
return target
def extract_automatic_captions(self, *args, **kwargs):
if (self.get_param('writeautomaticsub', False)
or self.get_param('listsubtitles')):
return self._get_automatic_captions(*args, **kwargs)
return {}
def _get_automatic_captions(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
@functools.cached_property
def _cookies_passed(self):
"""Whether cookies have been passed to YoutubeDL"""
return self.get_param('cookiefile') is not None or self.get_param('cookiesfrombrowser') is not None
def mark_watched(self, *args, **kwargs):
if not self.get_param('mark_watched', False):
return
if self.supports_login() and self._get_login_info()[0] is not None or self._cookies_passed:
self._mark_watched(*args, **kwargs)
def _mark_watched(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
def geo_verification_headers(self):
headers = {}
geo_verification_proxy = self.get_param('geo_verification_proxy')
if geo_verification_proxy:
headers['Ytdl-request-proxy'] = geo_verification_proxy
return headers
@staticmethod
def _generic_id(url):
return urllib.parse.unquote(os.path.splitext(url.rstrip('/').split('/')[-1])[0])
@staticmethod
def _generic_title(url):
return urllib.parse.unquote(os.path.splitext(url_basename(url))[0])
@staticmethod
def _availability(is_private=None, needs_premium=None, needs_subscription=None, needs_auth=None, is_unlisted=None):
all_known = all(map(
lambda x: x is not None,
(is_private, needs_premium, needs_subscription, needs_auth, is_unlisted)))
return (
'private' if is_private
else 'premium_only' if needs_premium
else 'subscriber_only' if needs_subscription
else 'needs_auth' if needs_auth
else 'unlisted' if is_unlisted
else 'public' if all_known
else None)
def _configuration_arg(self, key, default=NO_DEFAULT, *, ie_key=None, casesense=False):
'''
@returns A list of values for the extractor argument given by "key"
or "default" if no such key is present
@param default The default value to return when the key is not present (default: [])
@param casesense When false, the values are converted to lower case
'''
val = traverse_obj(
self._downloader.params, ('extractor_args', (ie_key or self.ie_key()).lower(), key))
if val is None:
return [] if default is NO_DEFAULT else default
return list(val) if casesense else [x.lower() for x in val]
def _yes_playlist(self, playlist_id, video_id, smuggled_data=None, *, playlist_label='playlist', video_label='video'):
if not playlist_id or not video_id:
return not video_id
no_playlist = (smuggled_data or {}).get('force_noplaylist')
if no_playlist is not None:
return not no_playlist
video_id = '' if video_id is True else f' {video_id}'
playlist_id = '' if playlist_id is True else f' {playlist_id}'
if self.get_param('noplaylist'):
self.to_screen(f'Downloading just the {video_label}{video_id} because of --no-playlist')
return False
self.to_screen(f'Downloading {playlist_label}{playlist_id} - add --no-playlist to download just the {video_label}{video_id}')
return True
def _error_or_warning(self, err, _count=None, _retries=0, *, fatal=True):
RetryManager.report_retry(err, _count or int(fatal), _retries, info=self.to_screen, warn=self.report_warning,
sleep_func=self.get_param('retry_sleep_functions', {}).get('extractor'))
def RetryManager(self, **kwargs):
return RetryManager(self.get_param('extractor_retries', 3), self._error_or_warning, **kwargs)
@classmethod
def extract_from_webpage(cls, ydl, url, webpage):
ie = (cls if isinstance(cls._extract_from_webpage, types.MethodType)
else ydl.get_info_extractor(cls.ie_key()))
for info in ie._extract_from_webpage(url, webpage) or []:
# url = None since we do not want to set (webpage/original)_url
ydl.add_default_extra_info(info, ie, None)
yield info
@classmethod
def _extract_from_webpage(cls, url, webpage):
for embed_url in orderedSet(
cls._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage) or [], lazy=True):
yield cls.url_result(embed_url, cls)
@classmethod
def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
"""@returns all the embed urls on the webpage"""
if '_EMBED_URL_RE' not in cls.__dict__:
assert isinstance(cls._EMBED_REGEX, (list, tuple))
for idx, regex in enumerate(cls._EMBED_REGEX):
assert regex.count('(?P<url>') == 1, \
f'{cls.__name__}._EMBED_REGEX[{idx}] must have exactly 1 url group\n\t{regex}'
cls._EMBED_URL_RE = tuple(map(re.compile, cls._EMBED_REGEX))
for regex in cls._EMBED_URL_RE:
for mobj in regex.finditer(webpage):
embed_url = urllib.parse.urljoin(url, unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url')))
if cls._VALID_URL is False or cls.suitable(embed_url):
yield embed_url
class StopExtraction(Exception):
pass
@classmethod
def _extract_url(cls, webpage): # TODO: Remove
"""Only for compatibility with some older extractors"""
return next(iter(cls._extract_embed_urls(None, webpage) or []), None)
class SearchInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
"""
Base class for paged search queries extractors.
They accept URLs in the format _SEARCH_KEY(|all|[0-9]):{query}
Instances should define _SEARCH_KEY and optionally _MAX_RESULTS
"""
_MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
@classproperty
def _VALID_URL(cls):
return r'%s(?P<prefix>|[1-9][0-9]*|all):(?P<query>[\s\S]+)' % cls._SEARCH_KEY
def _real_extract(self, query):
prefix, query = self._match_valid_url(query).group('prefix', 'query')
if prefix == '':
return self._get_n_results(query, 1)
elif prefix == 'all':
return self._get_n_results(query, self._MAX_RESULTS)
else:
n = int(prefix)
if n <= 0:
raise ExtractorError(f'invalid download number {n} for query "{query}"')
elif n > self._MAX_RESULTS:
self.report_warning('%s returns max %i results (you requested %i)' % (self._SEARCH_KEY, self._MAX_RESULTS, n))
n = self._MAX_RESULTS
return self._get_n_results(query, n)
def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
"""Get a specified number of results for a query.
Either this function or _search_results must be overridden by subclasses """
return self.playlist_result(
itertools.islice(self._search_results(query), 0, None if n == float('inf') else n),
query, query)
def _search_results(self, query):
"""Returns an iterator of search results"""
raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
@classproperty
def SEARCH_KEY(cls):
return cls._SEARCH_KEY
class UnsupportedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
_VALID_URL = '.*'
_ENABLED = False
IE_DESC = False
def _real_extract(self, url):
raise UnsupportedError(url)
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