Summary:
Fixes PR26774.
If you're aware of the issue, feel free to skip the "Motivation"
section and jump directly to "This patch".
Motivation:
I define "refinement" as discarding behaviors from a program that the
optimizer has license to discard. So transforming:
```
void f(unsigned x) {
unsigned t = 5 / x;
(void)t;
}
```
to
```
void f(unsigned x) { }
```
is refinement, since the behavior went from "if x == 0 then undefined
else nothing" to "nothing" (the optimizer has license to discard
undefined behavior).
Refinement is a fundamental aspect of many mid-level optimizations done
by LLVM. For instance, transforming `x == (x + 1)` to `false` also
involves refinement since the expression's value went from "if x is
`undef` then { `true` or `false` } else { `false` }" to "`false`" (by
definition, the optimizer has license to fold `undef` to any non-`undef`
value).
Unfortunately, refinement implies that the optimizer cannot assume
that the implementation of a function it can see has all of the
behavior an unoptimized or a differently optimized version of the same
function can have. This is a problem for functions with comdat
linkage, where a function can be replaced by an unoptimized or a
differently optimized version of the same source level function.
For instance, FunctionAttrs cannot assume a comdat function is
actually `readnone` even if it does not have any loads or stores in
it; since there may have been loads and stores in the "original
function" that were refined out in the currently visible variant, and
at the link step the linker may in fact choose an implementation with
a load or a store. As an example, consider a function that does two
atomic loads from the same memory location, and writes to memory only
if the two values are not equal. The optimizer is allowed to refine
this function by first CSE'ing the two loads, and the folding the
comparision to always report that the two values are equal. Such a
refined variant will look like it is `readonly`. However, the
unoptimized version of the function can still write to memory (since
the two loads //can// result in different values), and selecting the
unoptimized version at link time will retroactively invalidate
transforms we may have done under the assumption that the function
does not write to memory.
Note: this is not just a problem with atomics or with linking
differently optimized object files. See PR26774 for more realistic
examples that involved neither.
This patch:
This change introduces a new set of linkage types, predicated as
`GlobalValue::mayBeDerefined` that returns true if the linkage type
allows a function to be replaced by a differently optimized variant at
link time. It then changes a set of IPO passes to bail out if they see
such a function.
Reviewers: chandlerc, hfinkel, dexonsmith, joker.eph, rnk
Subscribers: mcrosier, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D18634
llvm-svn: 265762
They are as much trouble as aliases to declarations. They are requiring
the code generator to define a symbol with the same value as another
symbol, but the second symbol is undefined.
If representing this is important for some optimization, we could add
support for available_externally aliases. They would be *required* to
point to a declaration (or available_externally definition).
llvm-svn: 254170
Before this patch we had
@a = weak global ...
but
@b = alias weak ...
The patch changes aliases to look more like global variables.
Looking at some really old code suggests that the reason was that the old
bison based parser had a reduction for alias linkages and another one for
global variable linkages. Putting the alias first avoided the reduce/reduce
conflict.
The days of the old .ll parser are long gone. The new one parses just "linkage"
and a later check is responsible for deciding if a linkage is valid in a
given context.
llvm-svn: 214355
The verifier follows GlobalAlias operands so that it can detect cycles of
alias definitions. It was doing this in a way that caused it to also recurse
through initializers for the GlobalValue aliasees, and it would fail when
an initializer refers to a global that is a declaration and not a definition.
This patch causes it to stop recursing when it hits a global definition.
<rdar://problem/17277451>
llvm-svn: 210734
This patch changes GlobalAlias to point to an arbitrary ConstantExpr and it is
up to MC (or the system assembler) to decide if that expression is valid or not.
This reduces our ability to diagnose invalid uses and how early we can spot
them, but it also lets us do things like
@test5 = alias inttoptr(i32 sub (i32 ptrtoint (i32* @test2 to i32),
i32 ptrtoint (i32* @bar to i32)) to i32*)
An important implication of this patch is that the notion of aliased global
doesn't exist any more. The alias has to encode the information needed to
access it in its metadata (linkage, visibility, type, etc).
Another consequence to notice is that getSection has to return a "const char *".
It could return a NullTerminatedStringRef if there was such a thing, but when
that was proposed the decision was to just uses "const char*" for that.
llvm-svn: 210062
On ELF and COFF an alias is just another name for a position in the file.
There is no way to refer to a position in another file, so an alias to
undefined is meaningless.
MachO currently doesn't support aliases. The spec has a N_INDR, which when
implemented will have a different set of restrictions. Adding support for
it shouldn't be harder than any other IR extension.
For now, having the IR represent what is actually possible with current
tools makes it easier to fix the design of GlobalAlias.
llvm-svn: 203705
