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<title>LLVM Test Suite Guide</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="llvm.css" type="text/css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="doc_title">
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LLVM Test Suite Guide
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</div>
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<ol>
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<li><a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
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<li><a href="#Requirements">Requirements</a></li>
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<li><a href="#quick">Quick Start</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org">LLVM Test Suite Organization</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#codefragments">Code Fragments</a></li>
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<li><a href="#wholeprograms">Whole Programs</a></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li><a href="#tree">LLVM Test Suite Tree</a></li>
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<li><a href="#qmstructure">QMTest Structure</a></li>
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<li><a href="#progstructure">Programs Structure</a></li>
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<li><a href="#run">Running the LLVM Tests</a></li>
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</ol>
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<p><b>Written by John T. Criswell</b></p>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_section"><a name="overview">Overview</a></div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>This document is the reference manual for the LLVM test suite. It documents
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the structure of the LLVM test suite, the tools needed to use it, and how to add
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and run tests.</p>
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</div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_section"><a name="Requirements">Requirements</a></div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>In order to use the LLVM test suite, you will need all of the software
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required to build LLVM, plus the following:</p>
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<dl>
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<dt><a href="http://www.qmtest.com">QMTest</A></dt>
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<dd>The LLVM test suite uses QMTest to organize and run tests.</dd>
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<dt><a href="http://www.python.org">Python</A></dt>
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<dd>You will need a Python interpreter that works with QMTest. Python will
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need zlib and SAX support enabled.</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_section"><a name="quick">Quick Start</a></div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p> The tests are located in the LLVM source tree under the directory
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<tt>llvm/test</tt>. To run all of the tests in LLVM, use the Master Makefile in
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that directory:</p>
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<pre>
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% gmake -C llvm/test
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</pre>
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<p>To run only the code fragment tests (i.e. those that do basic testing of
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LLVM), run the tests organized by QMTest:</p>
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<pre>
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% gmake -C llvm/test qmtest
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</pre>
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<p>To run only the tests that compile and execute whole programs, run the
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Programs tests:</p>
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<pre>
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% gmake -C llvm/test/Programs
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</pre>
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</div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_section"><a name="org">LLVM Test Suite Organization</a></div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>The LLVM test suite contains two major categories of tests: code
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fragments and whole programs.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="codefragments">Code Fragments</a>
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</div>
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>Code fragments are small pieces of code that test a specific feature of LLVM
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or trigger a specific bug in LLVM. They are usually written in LLVM assembly
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language, but can be written in other languages if the test targets a particular
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language front end.</p>
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<p>Code fragments are not complete programs, and they are never executed to
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determine correct behavior.</p>
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<p>The tests in the Features and Regression directories contain code
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fragments.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="wholeprograms">Whole Programs</a></div>
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>Whole Programs are pieces of code which can be compiled and linked into a
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stand-alone program that can be executed. These programs are generally written
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in high level languages such as C or C++, but sometimes they are written
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straight in LLVM assembly.</p>
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<p>These programs are compiled and then executed using several different
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methods (native compiler, LLVM C backend, LLVM JIT, LLVM native code generation,
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etc). The output of these programs is compared to ensure that LLVM is compiling
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the program correctly.</p>
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<p>In addition to compiling and executing programs, whole program tests serve as
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a way of benchmarking LLVM performance, both in terms of the efficiency of the
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programs generated as well as the speed with which LLVM compiles, optimizes, and
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generates code.</p>
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<p>The Programs directory contains all tests which compile and benchmark whole
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programs.</p>
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</div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_section"><a name="tree">LLVM Test Suite Tree</a></div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>Each type of test in the LLVM test suite has its own directory. The major
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subtrees of the test suite directory tree are as follows:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Features
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<p>This directory contains sample codes that test various features of the
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LLVM language. These pieces of sample code are run through various
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assembler, disassembler, and optimizer passes.</p>
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<li>Regression
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<p>This directory contains regression tests for LLVM. When a bug is found
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in LLVM, a regression test containing just enough code to reproduce the
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problem should be written and placed somewhere underneath this directory.
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In most cases, this will be a small piece of LLVM assembly language code,
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often distilled from an actual application or benchmark.</p>
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<li>Programs
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<p>The Programs directory contains programs that can be compiled with LLVM
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and executed. These programs are compiled using the native compiler and
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various LLVM backends. The output from the program compiled with the native
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compiler is assumed correct; the results from the other programs are
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compared to the native program output and pass if they match. </p>
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<p> In addition for testing correctness, the Programs directory also
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performs timing tests of various LLVM optimizations. It also records
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compilation times for the compilers and the JIT. This information can be
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used to compare the effectiveness of LLVM's optimizations and code
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generation.</p>
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<p>The Programs directory is subdivided into several smaller subdirectories:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Programs/SingleSource
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<p>The SingleSource directory contains test programs that are only a
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single source file in size. These are usually small benchmark programs
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or small programs that calculate a particular value. Several such
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programs are grouped together in each directory.</p></li>
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<li>Programs/MultiSource
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<p>The MultiSource directory contains subdirectories which contain
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entire programs with multiple source files. Large benchmarks and whole
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applications go here.</p></li>
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<li>Programs/External
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<p>The External directory contains Makefiles for building code that is
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external to (i.e. not distributed with) LLVM. The most prominent member
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of this directory is the SPEC 2000 benchmark suite. The presence and
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location of these external programs is configured by the LLVM
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<tt>configure</tt> script.</p></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li>QMTest
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<p>This directory contains the QMTest information files. Inside this
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directory are QMTest administration files and the Python code that
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implements the LLVM test and database classes.</p>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_section"><a name="qmstructure">QMTest Structure</a></div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>The LLVM test suite is partially driven by QMTest and partially
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driven by GNU Make. Specifically, the Features and Regression tests
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are all driven by QMTest. The Programs directory is currently
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driven by a set of Makefiles.</p>
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<p>The QMTest system needs to have several pieces of information
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available; these pieces of configuration information are known
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collectively as the "context" in QMTest parlance. Since the context
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for LLVM is relatively large, the master Makefile in llvm/test
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sets it for you.</p>
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<p>The LLVM database class makes the subdirectories of llvm/test a
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QMTest test database. For each directory that contains tests driven by
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QMTest, it knows what type of test the source file is and how to run it.</p>
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<p>Hence, the QMTest namespace is essentially what you see in the
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Feature and Regression directories, but there is some magic that
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the database class performs (as described below).</p>
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<p>The QMTest namespace is currently composed of the following tests and test
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suites:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Feature
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<p>
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These are the feature tests found in the Feature directory.
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They are broken up into the following categories:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>ad
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<p>Assembler/Disassembler tests. These tests verify that a piece of LLVM
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assembly language can be assembled into bytecode and then disassembled
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into the original assembly language code. It does this several times to
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ensure that assembled output can be disassembled and disassembler output
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can be assembled. It also verifies that the give assembly language file
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can be assembled correctly.</p></li>
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<li>opt
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<p>Optimizer tests. These tests verify that two of the optimizer passes
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completely optimize a program (i.e. after a single pass, they cannot
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optimize a program any further).</p></li>
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<li>mc
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<p> Machine code tests. These tests verify that the LLVM assembly
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language file can be translated into native assembly code.</p></li>
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<li>cc
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<p>C code tests. These tests verify that the specified LLVM assembly
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code can be converted into C source code using the C backend.</p></li>
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</ul>
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<p>The LLVM database class looks at every file in the Feature directory and
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creates a fake test hierarchy containing
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<tt>Feature.<testtype>.<testname></tt>. So, if you add an LLVM
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assembly language file to the Feature directory, it actually creates 5 new
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tests: assembler/disassembler, assembler, optimizer, machine code, and C code.
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</p>
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<li>Regression
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<p>These are the regression tests. There is one suite for each
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subdirectory of the Regression directory. If you add a new subdirectory
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there, you will need to modify, at least, the <tt>RegressionMap</tt>
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variable in <tt>QMTest/llvmdb.py</tt> so that QMTest knows how to run the
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tests in the new subdirectory.</p>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_section"><a name="progstructure">Programs Structure</a></div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>As mentioned previously, the Programs tree in llvm/test provides three types
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of tests: MultiSource, SingleSource, and External. Each tree is then subdivided
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into several categories, including applications, benchmarks, regression tests,
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code that is strange grammatically, etc. These organizations should be
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relatively self explanatory.</p>
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<p>In addition to the regular Programs tests, the Programs tree also provides a
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mechanism for compiling the programs in different ways. If the variable TEST is
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defined on the gmake command line, the test system will include a Makefile named
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<tt>TEST.<value of TEST variable>.Makefile</tt>. This Makefile can modify
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build rules to yield different results.</p>
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<p>For example, the LLVM nightly tester uses <tt>TEST.nightly.Makefile</tt> to
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create the nightly test reports. To run the nightly tests, run <tt>gmake
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TEST=nightly</tt>.</p>
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<p>There are several TEST Makefiles available in the tree. Some of them are
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designed for internal LLVM research and will not work outside of the LLVM
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research group. They may still be valuable, however, as a guide to writing your
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own TEST Makefile for any optimization or analysis passes that you develop with
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LLVM.</p>
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</div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_section"><a name="run">Running the LLVM Tests</a></div>
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<!--===============================================================-->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>First, all tests are executed within the LLVM object directory tree. They
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<i>are not</i> executed inside of the LLVM source tree. This is because the
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test suite creates temporary files during execution. </p>
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<p>The master Makefile in llvm/test is capable of running both the QMTest driven
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tests and the Programs tests. By default, it will run all of the tests.</p>
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<p>To run only the QMTest driven tests, run <tt>gmake qmtest</tt> at the
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command line in llvm/tests. To run a specific qmtest, suffix the test name with
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".t" when running gmake.</p>
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<p>For example, to run the Regression.LLC tests, type <tt>gmake
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Regression.LLC.t</tt> in llvm/tests.</p>
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<p>Note that the Makefiles in llvm/test/Features and llvm/test/Regression are
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gone. You must now use QMTest from the llvm/test directory to run them.</p>
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<p>To run the Programs test, cd into the llvm/test/Programs directory and type
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<tt>gmake</tt>. Alternatively, you can type <tt>gmake TEST=<type>
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test</tt> to run one of the specialized tests in
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llvm/test/Programs/TEST.<type>.Makefile. For example, you could run the
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nightly tester tests using the following commands:</p>
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<pre>
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% cd llvm/test/Programs
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% gmake TEST=nightly test
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</pre>
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<p>Regardless of which test you're running, the results are printed on standard
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output and standard error. You can redirect these results to a file if you
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choose.</p>
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<p>Some tests are known to fail. Some are bugs that we have not fixed yet;
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others are features that we haven't added yet (or may never add). In QMTest,
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the result for such tests will be XFAIL (eXpected FAILure). In this way, you
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can tell the difference between an expected and unexpected failure.</p>
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<p>The Programs tests have no such feature as of this time. If the test passes,
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only warnings and other miscellaneous output will be generated. If a test
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fails, a large <program> FAILED message will be displayed. This will help
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you separate benign warnings from actual test failures.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<hr>
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<address>
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John T. Criswell<br>
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<a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu">The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br>
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Last modified: $Date$
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</address>
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</body>
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</html>
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