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490 lines
16 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<title>Creating an LLVM Project</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/llvm.css" type="text/css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>Creating an LLVM Project</h1>
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<ol>
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<li><a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
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<li><a href="#create">Create a project from the Sample Project</a></li>
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<li><a href="#source">Source tree layout</a></li>
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<li><a href="#makefiles">Writing LLVM-style Makefiles</a>
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<ol>
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<li><a href="#reqVars">Required Variables</a></li>
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<li><a href="#varsBuildDir">Variables for Building Subdirectories</a></li>
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<li><a href="#varsBuildLib">Variables for Building Libraries</a></li>
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<li><a href="#varsBuildProg">Variables for Building Programs</a></li>
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<li><a href="#miscVars">Miscellaneous Variables</a></li>
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</ol></li>
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<li><a href="#objcode">Placement of object code</a></li>
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<li><a href="#help">Further help</a></li>
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</ol>
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<div class="doc_author">
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<p>Written by John Criswell</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2><a name="overview">Overview</a></h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>The LLVM build system is designed to facilitate the building of third party
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projects that use LLVM header files, libraries, and tools. In order to use
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these facilities, a Makefile from a project must do the following things:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>Set <tt>make</tt> variables. There are several variables that a Makefile
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needs to set to use the LLVM build system:
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<ul>
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<li><tt>PROJECT_NAME</tt> - The name by which your project is known.</li>
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<li><tt>LLVM_SRC_ROOT</tt> - The root of the LLVM source tree.</li>
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<li><tt>LLVM_OBJ_ROOT</tt> - The root of the LLVM object tree.</li>
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<li><tt>PROJ_SRC_ROOT</tt> - The root of the project's source tree.</li>
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<li><tt>PROJ_OBJ_ROOT</tt> - The root of the project's object tree.</li>
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<li><tt>PROJ_INSTALL_ROOT</tt> - The root installation directory.</li>
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<li><tt>LEVEL</tt> - The relative path from the current directory to the
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project's root ($PROJ_OBJ_ROOT).</li>
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</ul></li>
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<li>Include <tt>Makefile.config</tt> from <tt>$(LLVM_OBJ_ROOT)</tt>.</li>
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<li>Include <tt>Makefile.rules</tt> from <tt>$(LLVM_SRC_ROOT)</tt>.</li>
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</ol>
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<p>There are two ways that you can set all of these variables:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>You can write your own Makefiles which hard-code these values.</li>
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<li>You can use the pre-made LLVM sample project. This sample project
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includes Makefiles, a configure script that can be used to configure the
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location of LLVM, and the ability to support multiple object directories
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from a single source directory.</li>
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</ol>
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<p>This document assumes that you will base your project on the LLVM sample
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project found in <tt>llvm/projects/sample</tt>. If you want to devise your own
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build system, studying the sample project and LLVM Makefiles will probably
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provide enough information on how to write your own Makefiles.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="create">Create a Project from the Sample Project</a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>Follow these simple steps to start your project:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>Copy the <tt>llvm/projects/sample</tt> directory to any place of your
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choosing. You can place it anywhere you like. Rename the directory to match
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the name of your project.</li>
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<li>
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If you downloaded LLVM using Subversion, remove all the directories named .svn
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(and all the files therein) from your project's new source tree. This will
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keep Subversion from thinking that your project is inside
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<tt>llvm/trunk/projects/sample</tt>.</li>
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<li>Add your source code and Makefiles to your source tree.</li>
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<li>If you want your project to be configured with the <tt>configure</tt> script
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then you need to edit <tt>autoconf/configure.ac</tt> as follows:
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<ul>
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<li><b>AC_INIT</b>. Place the name of your project, its version number and
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a contact email address for your project as the arguments to this macro</li>
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<li><b>AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR</b>. If your project isn't in the
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<tt>llvm/projects</tt> directory then you might need to adjust this so that
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it specifies a relative path to the <tt>llvm/autoconf</tt> directory.</li>
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<li><b>LLVM_CONFIG_PROJECT</b>. Just leave this alone.</li>
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<li><b>AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR</b>. Specify a path to a file name that identifies
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your project; or just leave it at <tt>Makefile.common.in</tt></li>
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<li><b>AC_CONFIG_FILES</b>. Do not change.</li>
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<li><b>AC_CONFIG_MAKEFILE</b>. Use one of these macros for each Makefile
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that your project uses. This macro arranges for your makefiles to be copied
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from the source directory, unmodified, to the build directory.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>After updating <tt>autoconf/configure.ac</tt>, regenerate the
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configure script with these commands:
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<div class="doc_code">
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<p><tt>% cd autoconf<br>
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% ./AutoRegen.sh</tt></p>
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</div>
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<p>You must be using Autoconf version 2.59 or later and your aclocal version
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should be 1.9 or later.</p></li>
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<li>Run <tt>configure</tt> in the directory in which you want to place
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object code. Use the following options to tell your project where it
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can find LLVM:
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<dl>
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<dt><tt>--with-llvmsrc=<directory></tt></dt>
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<dd>Tell your project where the LLVM source tree is located.</dd>
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<dt><br><tt>--with-llvmobj=<directory></tt></dt>
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<dd>Tell your project where the LLVM object tree is located.</dd>
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<dt><br><tt>--prefix=<directory></tt></dt>
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<dd>Tell your project where it should get installed.</dd>
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</dl>
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</ol>
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<p>That's it! Now all you have to do is type <tt>gmake</tt> (or <tt>make</tt>
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if your on a GNU/Linux system) in the root of your object directory, and your
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project should build.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="source">Source Tree Layout</a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>In order to use the LLVM build system, you will want to organize your
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source code so that it can benefit from the build system's features.
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Mainly, you want your source tree layout to look similar to the LLVM
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source tree layout. The best way to do this is to just copy the
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project tree from <tt>llvm/projects/sample</tt> and modify it to meet
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your needs, but you can certainly add to it if you want.</p>
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<p>Underneath your top level directory, you should have the following
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directories:</p>
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<dl>
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<dt><b>lib</b>
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<dd>
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This subdirectory should contain all of your library source
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code. For each library that you build, you will have one
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directory in <b>lib</b> that will contain that library's source
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code.
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<p>
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Libraries can be object files, archives, or dynamic libraries.
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The <b>lib</b> directory is just a convenient place for libraries
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as it places them all in a directory from which they can be linked
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later.
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<dt><b>include</b>
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<dd>
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This subdirectory should contain any header files that are
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global to your project. By global, we mean that they are used
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by more than one library or executable of your project.
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<p>
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By placing your header files in <b>include</b>, they will be
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found automatically by the LLVM build system. For example, if
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you have a file <b>include/jazz/note.h</b>, then your source
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files can include it simply with <b>#include "jazz/note.h"</b>.
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<dt><b>tools</b>
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<dd>
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This subdirectory should contain all of your source
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code for executables. For each program that you build, you
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will have one directory in <b>tools</b> that will contain that
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program's source code.
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<p>
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<dt><b>test</b>
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<dd>
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This subdirectory should contain tests that verify that your code
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works correctly. Automated tests are especially useful.
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<p>
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Currently, the LLVM build system provides basic support for tests.
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The LLVM system provides the following:
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<ul>
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<li>
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LLVM provides a tcl procedure that is used by Dejagnu to run
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tests. It can be found in <tt>llvm/lib/llvm-dg.exp</tt>. This
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test procedure uses RUN lines in the actual test case to determine
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how to run the test. See the <a
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href="TestingGuide.html">TestingGuide</a> for more details. You
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can easily write Makefile support similar to the Makefiles in
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<tt>llvm/test</tt> to use Dejagnu to run your project's tests.<br></li>
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<li>
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LLVM contains an optional package called <tt>llvm-test</tt>
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which provides benchmarks and programs that are known to compile with the
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LLVM GCC front ends. You can use these
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programs to test your code, gather statistics information, and
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compare it to the current LLVM performance statistics.
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<br>Currently, there is no way to hook your tests directly into the
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<tt>llvm/test</tt> testing harness. You will simply
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need to find a way to use the source provided within that directory
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on your own.
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</ul>
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</dl>
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<p>Typically, you will want to build your <b>lib</b> directory first followed by
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your <b>tools</b> directory.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="makefiles">Writing LLVM Style Makefiles</a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>The LLVM build system provides a convenient way to build libraries and
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executables. Most of your project Makefiles will only need to define a few
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variables. Below is a list of the variables one can set and what they can
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do:</p>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<h3>
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<a name="reqVars">Required Variables</a>
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</h3>
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<div>
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<dl>
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<dt>LEVEL
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<dd>
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This variable is the relative path from this Makefile to the
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top directory of your project's source code. For example, if
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your source code is in <tt>/tmp/src</tt>, then the Makefile in
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<tt>/tmp/src/jump/high</tt> would set <tt>LEVEL</tt> to <tt>"../.."</tt>.
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</dl>
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</div>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<h3>
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<a name="varsBuildDir">Variables for Building Subdirectories</a>
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</h3>
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<div>
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<dl>
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<dt>DIRS
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<dd>
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This is a space separated list of subdirectories that should be
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built. They will be built, one at a time, in the order
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specified.
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<p>
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<dt>PARALLEL_DIRS
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<dd>
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This is a list of directories that can be built in parallel.
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These will be built after the directories in DIRS have been
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built.
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<p>
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<dt>OPTIONAL_DIRS
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<dd>
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This is a list of directories that can be built if they exist,
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but will not cause an error if they do not exist. They are
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built serially in the order in which they are listed.
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</dl>
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</div>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<h3>
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<a name="varsBuildLib">Variables for Building Libraries</a>
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</h3>
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<div>
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<dl>
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<dt>LIBRARYNAME
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<dd>
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This variable contains the base name of the library that will
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be built. For example, to build a library named
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<tt>libsample.a</tt>, LIBRARYNAME should be set to
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<tt>sample</tt>.
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<p>
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<dt>BUILD_ARCHIVE
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<dd>
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By default, a library is a <tt>.o</tt> file that is linked
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directly into a program. To build an archive (also known as
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a static library), set the BUILD_ARCHIVE variable.
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<p>
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<dt>SHARED_LIBRARY
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<dd>
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If SHARED_LIBRARY is defined in your Makefile, a shared
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(or dynamic) library will be built.
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</dl>
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</div>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<h3>
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<a name="varsBuildProg">Variables for Building Programs</a>
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</h3>
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<div>
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<dl>
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<dt>TOOLNAME
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<dd>
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This variable contains the name of the program that will
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be built. For example, to build an executable named
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<tt>sample</tt>, TOOLNAME should be set to <tt>sample</tt>.
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<p>
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<dt>USEDLIBS
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<dd>
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This variable holds a space separated list of libraries that should
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be linked into the program. These libraries must be libraries that
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come from your <b>lib</b> directory. The libraries must be
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specified without their "lib" prefix. For example, to link
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libsample.a, you would set USEDLIBS to
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<tt>sample.a</tt>.
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<p>
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Note that this works only for statically linked libraries.
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<p>
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<dt>LLVMLIBS
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<dd>
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This variable holds a space separated list of libraries that should
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be linked into the program. These libraries must be LLVM libraries.
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The libraries must be specified without their "lib" prefix. For
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example, to link with a driver that performs an IR transformation
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you might set LLVMLIBS to this minimal set of libraries
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<tt>LLVMSupport.a LLVMCore.a LLVMBitReader.a LLVMAsmParser.a LLVMAnalysis.a LLVMTransformUtils.a LLVMScalarOpts.a LLVMTarget.a</tt>.
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<p>
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Note that this works only for statically linked libraries. LLVM is
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split into a large number of static libraries, and the list of libraries you
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require may be much longer than the list above. To see a full list
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of libraries use:
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<tt>llvm-config --libs all</tt>.
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Using LINK_COMPONENTS as described below, obviates the need to set LLVMLIBS.
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<p>
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<dt>LINK_COMPONENTS
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<dd>This variable holds a space separated list of components that
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the LLVM Makefiles pass to the <tt>llvm-config</tt> tool to generate
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a link line for the program. For example, to link with all LLVM
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libraries use
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<tt>LINK_COMPONENTS = all</tt>.
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<p>
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<dt>LIBS
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<dd>
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To link dynamic libraries, add <tt>-l<library base name></tt> to
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the LIBS variable. The LLVM build system will look in the same places
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for dynamic libraries as it does for static libraries.
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<p>
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For example, to link <tt>libsample.so</tt>, you would have the
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following line in your <tt>Makefile</tt>:
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<p>
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<tt>
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LIBS += -lsample
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</tt>
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<p>
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Note that LIBS must occur in the Makefile after the inclusion of Makefile.common.
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<p>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<h3>
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<a name="miscVars">Miscellaneous Variables</a>
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</h3>
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<div>
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<dl>
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<dt>ExtraSource
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<dd>
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This variable contains a space separated list of extra source
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files that need to be built. It is useful for including the
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output of Lex and Yacc programs.
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<p>
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<dt>CFLAGS
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<dt>CPPFLAGS
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<dd>
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This variable can be used to add options to the C and C++
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compiler, respectively. It is typically used to add options
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that tell the compiler the location of additional directories
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to search for header files.
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<p>
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It is highly suggested that you append to CFLAGS and CPPFLAGS as
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opposed to overwriting them. The master Makefiles may already
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have useful options in them that you may not want to overwrite.
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<p>
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</dl>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="objcode">Placement of Object Code</a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>The final location of built libraries and executables will depend upon
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whether you do a Debug, Release, or Profile build.</p>
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<dl>
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<dt>Libraries
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<dd>
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All libraries (static and dynamic) will be stored in
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<tt>PROJ_OBJ_ROOT/<type>/lib</tt>, where type is <tt>Debug</tt>,
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<tt>Release</tt>, or <tt>Profile</tt> for a debug, optimized, or
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profiled build, respectively.<p>
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<dt>Executables
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<dd>All executables will be stored in
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<tt>PROJ_OBJ_ROOT/<type>/bin</tt>, where type is <tt>Debug</tt>,
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<tt>Release</tt>, or <tt>Profile</tt> for a debug, optimized, or profiled
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build, respectively.
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</dl>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="help">Further Help</a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>If you have any questions or need any help creating an LLVM project,
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the LLVM team would be more than happy to help. You can always post your
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questions to the <a
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href="http://mail.cs.uiuc.edu/mailman/listinfo/llvmdev">LLVM Developers
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Mailing List</a>.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<hr>
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<address>
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<a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer"><img
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src="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/images/vcss-blue" alt="Valid CSS"></a>
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src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-html401-blue" alt="Valid HTML 4.01"></a>
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<a href="mailto:criswell@uiuc.edu">John Criswell</a><br>
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<a href="http://llvm.org/">The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a>
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<br>
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Last modified: $Date$
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</address>
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</body>
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</html>
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