This change implemented call site prioritized BFS profile guided inlining for sample profile loader. The new inlining strategy maximize the benefit of context-sensitive profile as mentioned in the follow up discussion of CSSPGO RFC. The change will not affect today's AutoFDO as it's opt-in. CSSPGO now defaults to the new FDO inliner, but can fall back to today's replay inliner using a switch (`-sample-profile-prioritized-inline=0`).
Motivation
With baseline AutoFDO, the inliner in sample profile loader only replays previous inlining, and the use of profile is only for pruning previous inlining that turned out to be cold. Due to the nature of replay, the FDO inliner is simple with hotness being the only decision factor. It has the following limitations that we're improving now for CSSPGO.
- It doesn't take inline candidate size into account. Since it's doing replay, the size growth is bounded by previous CGSCC inlining. With context-sensitive profile, FDO inliner is no longer limited by previous inlining, so we need to take size into account to avoid significant size bloat.
- The way it looks at hotness is not accurate. It uses total samples in an inlinee as proxy for hotness, while what really matters for an inline decision is the call site count. This is an unfortunate fall back because call site count and callee entry count are not reliable due to dwarf based correlation, especially for inlinees. Now paired with pseudo-probe, we have accurate call site count and callee's entry count, so we can use that to gauge hotness more accurately.
- It treats all call sites from a block as hot as long as there's one call site considered hot. This is normally true, but since total samples is used as hotness proxy, this transitiveness within block magnifies the inacurate hotness heuristic. With pseduo-probe and the change above, this is no longer an issue for CSSPGO.
New FDO Inliner
Putting all the requirement for CSSPGO together, we need a top-down call site prioritized BFS inliner. Here're reasons why each component is needed.
- Top-down: We need a top-down inliner to better leverage context-sensitive profile, so inlining is driven by accurate context profile, and post-inline is also accurate. This is already implemented in https://reviews.llvm.org/D70655.
- Size Cap: For top-down inliner, taking function size into account for inline decision alone isn't sufficient to control size growth. We also need to explicitly cap size growth because with top-down inlining, we can grow inliner size significantly with large number of smaller inlinees even if each individually passes the cost/size check.
- Prioritize call sites: With size cap, inlining order also becomes important, because if we stop inlining due to size budget limit, we'd want to use budget towards the most beneficial call sites.
- BFS inline: Same as call site prioritization, if we stop inlining due to size budget limit, we want a balanced inline tree, rather than going deep on one call path.
Note that the new inliner avoids repeatedly evaluating same set of call site, so it should help with compile time too. For this reason, we could transition today's FDO inliner to use a queue with equal priority to avoid wasted reevaluation of same call site (TODO).
Speculative indirect call promotion and inlining is also supported now with CSSPGO just like baseline AutoFDO.
Tunings and knobs
I created tuning knobs for size growth/cap control, and for hot threshold separate from CGSCC inliner. The default values are selected based on initial tuning with CSSPGO.
Results
Evaluated with an internal LLVM fork couple months ago, plus another change to adjust hot-threshold cutoff for context profile (will send up after this one), the new inliner show ~1% geomean perf win on spec2006 with CSSPGO, while reducing code size too. The measurement was done using train-train setup, MonoLTO w/ new pass manager and pseudo-probe. Note that this is just a starting point - we hope that the new inliner will open up more opportunity with CSSPGO, but it will certainly take more time and effort to make it fully calibrated and ready for bigger workloads (we're working on it).
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D94001
Extend applyLoopGuards() to take into account conditions/assumes proving some
value %v to be divisible by D by rewriting %v to (%v / D) * D. This lets the
loop unroller and the loop vectorizer identify more loops as not requiring
remainder loops.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D95521
Prologs and epilogs handle callee-save registers and tend to be irregular with
different immediate offsets that are not often handled by the MachineOutliner.
Commit D18619/a5335647d5e8 (combining stack operations) stretched irregularity
further.
This patch tries to emit homogeneous stores and loads with the same offset for
prologs and epilogs respectively. We have observed that this canonicalizes
(homogenizes) prologs and epilogs significantly and results in a greatly
increased chance of outlining, resulting in a code size reduction.
Despite the above results, there are still size wins to be had that the
MachineOutliner does not provide due to the special handling X30/LR. To handle
the LR case, his patch custom-outlines prologs and epilogs in place. It does
this by doing the following:
* Injects HOM_Prolog and HOM_Epilog pseudo instructions during a Prolog and
Epilog Injection Pass.
* Lowers and optimizes said pseudos in a AArchLowerHomogneousPrologEpilog Pass.
* Outlined helpers are created on demand. Identical helpers are merged by the linker.
* An opt-in flag is introduced to enable this feature. Another threshold flag
is also introduced to control the aggressiveness of outlining for application's need.
This reduced an average of 4% of code size on LLVM-TestSuite/CTMark targeting arm64/-Oz.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D76570
Previously file entries in the -ivfsoverlay yaml could map to a file in the
external file system, but directories had to list their contents in the form of
other file entries or directories. Allowing directory entries to map to a
directory in the external file system makes it possible to present an external
directory's contents in a different location and (in combination with the
'fallthrough' option) overlay one directory's contents on top of another.
rdar://problem/72485443
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D94844
DBG_VALUES placed between memory instructions would change
codegen. Skip over these and re-insert them after the bundle instead
of giving up on bundling.
The switch controls both unused prefix warnings, and warnings about
functions which differ under different runs for a prefix, and, thus, end
up not having asserts for that prefix.
(If the latter case spans to all functions, then the former case kicks
in)
The switch is on by default, and can be disabled.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D95829
This is directly analogous to the existing no_caller_saved_registers, but with the opposite intention. A function or call so marked shifts the responsibility of spilling the usual CSRs to it's caller.
An indirect call site and callee which don't agree on the attribute is ill defined.
The motivation for this change is that being able to prune callee saves (without modifying other details of the calling convention) is sometimes useful when generating stubs and adapters. There's no intention to expose this as a source language feature; this is expected to be used by frontends to implement adapters where warranted.
Some specific examples of use cases:
* GC compatible compiled code wants to call an externally defined library function without needing to track pointer values through CSRs.
* debug enabled code wants to call precompiled library which doesn't provide enough information to track CSRs while preserving debug quality in caller.
* adapter stub entering hand written assembler which doesn't follow normal calling conventions.
This patch let the yaml encoding use Hex64 values for NumBlocks, BB AddressOffset, BB Size, and BB Metadata.
Additionally, it changes the decoded values in elf2yaml to uint64_t to match DataExtractor::getULEB128 return type.
Reviewed By: jhenderson
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D95767
C identifier name input sections such as __llvm_prf_* are GC roots so
they cannot be discarded. In LLD, the SHF_LINK_ORDER flag overrides the
C identifier name semantics.
The !associated metadata may be attached to a global object declaration
with a single argument that references another global object, and it
gets lowered to SHF_LINK_ORDER flag. When a function symbol is discarded
by the linker, setting up !associated metadata allows linker to discard
counters, data and values associated with that function symbol.
Note that !associated metadata is only supported by ELF, it does not have
any effect on non-ELF targets.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D76802
This is consistent with BFD objcopy.
Previously llvm objcopy would allocate space for SHT_NOBITS sections
often resulting in enormous binary files.
New test case (binary-paddr.test %t6).
Reviewed By: jhenderson, MaskRay
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D95569
Fixing up a couple places where `getCallSiteIdentifier` is needed to support pseudo-probe-based callsites.
Also fixing an issue in the extbinary profile reader where the metadata section is not fully scanned based on the number of profiles loaded only for the current module.
Reviewed By: wmi, wenlei
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D95791
The main point of committing this early is to have a negative test in tree. Nothing fails in the current tests if we implement this (currently unsound) optimization.
This is another step (see D95452) towards correcting fast-math-flags
bugs in vector reductions.
There are multiple bugs visible in the test diffs, and this is still
not working as it should. We still use function attributes (rather
than FMF) to drive part of the logic, but we are not checking for
the correct FP function attributes.
Note that FMF may not be propagated optimally on selects (example
in https://llvm.org/PR35607 ). That's why I'm proposing to union the
FMF of a fcmp+select pair and avoid regressions on existing vectorizer
tests.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D95690
A == B map to A >= B && A <= B
(https://alive2.llvm.org/ce/z/_dwxKn).
This extends the constraint construction to return a list of
constraints, which can be used to properly de-compose nested AND & OR.
