This is based on the assumption that most simulated instructions don't define
more than one or two registers. This is true for example on x86, where
most instruction definitions don't declare more than one register write.
The default code region size has been increased from 8 to 16. This is based on
the assumption that, for small microbenchmarks, the typical code snippet size is
often less than 16 instructions.
mca::Instruction now uses bitfields to pack flags.
No functional change intended.
Moved the logic that checks for RAW hazards from the InOrderIssueStage to the
RegisterFile.
Changed how the InOrderIssueStage keeps track of backend stalls. Stall events
are now generated from method notifyStallEvent().
No functional change intended.
This makes it possible for targets to define their own MCObjectFileInfo.
This MCObjectFileInfo is then used to determine things like section alignment.
This is a follow up to D101462 and prepares for the RISCV backend defining the
text section alignment depending on the enabled extensions.
Reviewed By: MaskRay
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D101921
In order to create the code regions for llvm-mca to analyze, llvm-mca creates an
AsmCodeRegionGenerator and calls AsmCodeRegionGenerator::parseCodeRegions().
Within this function, both an MCAsmParser and MCTargetAsmParser are created so
that MCAsmParser::Run() can be used to create the code regions for us.
These parser classes were created for llvm-mc so they are designed to emit code
with an MCStreamer and MCTargetStreamer that are expected to be setup and passed
into the MCAsmParser constructor. Because llvm-mca doesn’t want to emit any
code, an MCStreamerWrapper class gets created instead and passed into the
MCAsmParser constructor. This wrapper inherits from MCStreamer and overrides
many of the emit methods to just do nothing. The exception is the
emitInstruction() method which calls Regions.addInstruction(Inst).
This works well and allows llvm-mca to utilize llvm-mc’s MCAsmParser to build
our code regions, however there are a few directives which rely on the
MCTargetStreamer. llvm-mc assumes that the MCStreamer that gets passed into the
MCAsmParser’s constructor has a valid pointer to an MCTargetStreamer. Because
llvm-mca doesn’t setup an MCTargetStreamer, when the parser encounters one of
those directives, a segfault will occur.
In x86, each one of these 7 directives will cause this segfault if they exist in
the input assembly to llvm-mca:
.cv_fpo_proc
.cv_fpo_setframe
.cv_fpo_pushreg
.cv_fpo_stackalloc
.cv_fpo_stackalign
.cv_fpo_endprologue
.cv_fpo_endproc
I haven’t looked at other targets, but I wouldn’t be surprised if some of the
other ones also have certain directives which could result in this same
segfault.
My proposed solution is to simply initialize an MCTargetStreamer after we
initialize the MCStreamerWrapper. The MCTargetStreamer requires an ostream
object, but we don’t actually want any of these directives to be emitted
anywhere, so I use an ostream created with the nulls() function. Since this
needs to happen after the MCStreamerWrapper has been initialized, it needs to
happen within the AsmCodeRegionGenerator::parseCodeRegions() function. The
MCTargetStreamer also needs an MCInstPrinter which is easiest to initialize
within the main() function of llvm-mca. So this MCInstPrinter gets constructed
within main() then passed into the parseCodeRegions() function as a parameter.
(If you feel like it would be appropriate and possible to create the
MCInstPrinter within the parseCodeRegions() function, then feel free to modify
my solution. That would stop us from having to pass it into the function and
would limit its scope / lifetime.)
My solution stops the segfault from happening and still passes all of the
current (expected) llvm-mca tests. I also added a new test for x86 that checks
for this segfault on an input that includes one of the .cv_fpo directives (this
test fails without my solution, but passes with it).
As far as I can tell, all of the functions that I modified are only called from
within llvm-mca so there shouldn’t be any worries about breaking other tools.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D102709
This untangles the MCContext and the MCObjectFileInfo. There is a circular
dependency between MCContext and MCObjectFileInfo. Currently this dependency
also exists during construction: You can't contruct a MOFI without a MCContext
without constructing the MCContext with a dummy version of that MOFI first.
This removes this dependency during construction. In a perfect world,
MCObjectFileInfo wouldn't depend on MCContext at all, but only be stored in the
MCContext, like other MC information. This is future work.
This also shifts/adds more information to the MCContext making it more
available to the different targets. Namely:
- TargetTriple
- ObjectFileType
- SubtargetInfo
Reviewed By: MaskRay
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D101462
lookupTarget() can update the passed triple argument. This happens
when no triple is given on the command line, and the architecture
argument does not match the architecture in the default triple.
For example, passing -march=aarch64 on the command line, and the
default triple being x86_64-windows-msvc, the triple is changed
to aarch64-windows-msvc.
However, this triple is not saved, and later in the code, the
triple is constructed again from the triple name, which is the
default triple at this point. Thus the default triple is passed
to constructor of MCSubtargetInfo instance.
The triple is only used determine the object file format, and by
chance, the AArch64 target also uses the COFF file format, and
all is fine. Obviously, the AArch64 target does not support all
available binary file formats, e.g. XCOFF and GOFF, and llvm-mca
crashes in this case.
The fix is to update the triple name with the changed triple
name for the target lookup. Then the default object file format
for the architecture is used, in the example ELF.
Reviewed By: andreadb, abhina.sreeskantharajan
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D100992
Problem:
On SystemZ we need to open text files in text mode. On Windows, files opened in text mode adds a CRLF '\r\n' which may not be desirable.
Solution:
This patch adds two new flags
- OF_CRLF which indicates that CRLF translation is used.
- OF_TextWithCRLF = OF_Text | OF_CRLF indicates that the file is text and uses CRLF translation.
Developers should now use either the OF_Text or OF_TextWithCRLF for text files and OF_None for binary files. If the developer doesn't want carriage returns on Windows, they should use OF_Text, if they do want carriage returns on Windows, they should use OF_TextWithCRLF.
So this is the behaviour per platform with my patch:
z/OS:
OF_None: open in binary mode
OF_Text : open in text mode
OF_TextWithCRLF: open in text mode
Windows:
OF_None: open file with no carriage return
OF_Text: open file with no carriage return
OF_TextWithCRLF: open file with carriage return
The Major change is in llvm/lib/Support/Windows/Path.inc to only set text mode if the OF_CRLF is set.
```
if (Flags & OF_CRLF)
CrtOpenFlags |= _O_TEXT;
```
These following files are the ones that still use OF_Text which I left unchanged. I modified all these except raw_ostream.cpp in recent patches so I know these were previously in Binary mode on Windows.
./llvm/lib/Support/raw_ostream.cpp
./llvm/lib/TableGen/Main.cpp
./llvm/tools/dsymutil/DwarfLinkerForBinary.cpp
./llvm/unittests/Support/Path.cpp
./clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Core/HTMLDiagnostics.cpp
./clang/lib/Frontend/CompilerInstance.cpp
./clang/lib/Driver/Driver.cpp
./clang/lib/Driver/ToolChains/Clang.cpp
Reviewed By: MaskRay
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D99426
This is a follow-up for:
D98604 [MCA] Ensure that writes occur in-order
When instructions are aligned by the order of writes, they retire
in-order naturally. There is no need for an RCU, so it is disabled.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D98628
This patch adds a pipeline to support in-order CPUs such as ARM
Cortex-A55.
In-order pipeline implements a simplified version of Dispatch,
Scheduler and Execute stages as a single stage. Entry and Retire
stages are common for both in-order and out-of-order pipelines.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D94928
All these potential null pointer dereferences are reported by my static analyzer for null smart pointer dereferences, which has a different implementation from `alpha.cplusplus.SmartPtr`.
The checked pointers in this patch are initialized by Target::createXXX functions. When the creator function pointer is not correctly set, a null pointer will be returned, or the creator function may originally return a null pointer.
Some of them may not make sense as they may be checked before entering the function, but I fixed them all in this patch. I submit this fix because 1) similar checks are found in some other places in the LLVM codebase for the same return value of the function; and, 2) some of the pointers are dereferenced before they are checked, which may definitely trigger a null pointer dereference if the return value is nullptr.
Reviewed By: tejohnson, MaskRay, jpienaar
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D91410
No longer rely on an external tool to build the llvm component layout.
Instead, leverage the existing `add_llvm_componentlibrary` cmake function and
introduce `add_llvm_component_group` to accurately describe component behavior.
These function store extra properties in the created targets. These properties
are processed once all components are defined to resolve library dependencies
and produce the header expected by llvm-config.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D90848
A SMLoc allows MCStreamer to report location-aware diagnostics, which
were previously done by adding SMLoc to various methods (e.g. emit*) in an ad-hoc way.
Since the file:line is most important, the column is less important and
the start token location suffices in many cases, this patch reverts
b7e7131af2dd7bdb03fa42a3bc1b4bc72ab95ce1
```
// old
symbol-binding-changed.s:6:8: error: local changed binding to STB_GLOBAL
.globl local
^
// new
symbol-binding-changed.s:6:1: error: local changed binding to STB_GLOBAL
.globl local
^
```
Reviewed By: rnk
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D90511
including printing them.
Reviewers: andreadb, lebedev.ri
Differential Review: https://reviews.llvm.org/D86390
Introduces a new base class "InstructionView" that such views derive from.
Other views still use the "View" base class.
MCTargetOptionsCommandFlags.inc and CommandFlags.inc are headers which contain
cl::opt with static storage.
These headers are meant to be incuded by tools to make it easier to parametrize
codegen/mc.
However, these headers are also included in at least two libraries: lldCommon
and handle-llvm. As a result, when creating DYLIB, clang-cpp holds a reference
to the options, and lldCommon holds another reference. Linking the two in a
single executable, as zig does[0], results in a double registration.
This patch explores an other approach: the .inc files are moved to regular
files, and the registration happens on-demand through static declaration of
options in the constructor of a static object.
[0] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1756977#c5
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D75579
Lots of headers pass around MemoryBuffer objects, but very few open
them. Let those that do include FileSystem.h.
Saves ~250 includes of Chrono.h & FileSystem.h:
$ diff -u thedeps-before.txt thedeps-after.txt | grep '^[-+] ' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
254 - ../llvm/include/llvm/Support/FileSystem.h
253 - ../llvm/include/llvm/Support/Chrono.h
237 - ../llvm/include/llvm/Support/NativeFormatting.h
237 - ../llvm/include/llvm/Support/FormatProviders.h
192 - ../llvm/include/llvm/ADT/StringSwitch.h
190 - ../llvm/include/llvm/Support/FormatVariadicDetails.h
...
This requires duplicating the file_t typedef, which is unfortunate. I
sunk the choice of mapping mode down into the cpp file using variable
template specializations instead of class members in headers.
This is how it should've been and brings it more in line with
std::string_view. There should be no functional change here.
This is mostly mechanical from a custom clang-tidy check, with a lot of
manual fixups. It uncovers a lot of minor inefficiencies.
This doesn't actually modify StringRef yet, I'll do that in a follow-up.
It's been an empty target since r360498 and friends
(`git log --grep='Move InstPrinter files to MCTargetDesc.' llvm/lib/Target`),
but due to hwo the way these targets are structured it was silently
an empty target without anyone noticing.
No behavior change.
printInst prints a branch/call instruction as `b offset` (there are many
variants on various targets) instead of `b address`.
It is a convention to use address instead of offset in most external
symbolizers/disassemblers. This difference makes `llvm-objdump -d`
output unsatisfactory.
Add `uint64_t Address` to printInst(), so that it can pass the argument to
printInstruction(). `raw_ostream &OS` is moved to the last to be
consistent with other print* methods.
The next step is to pass `Address` to printInstruction() (generated by
tablegen from the instruction set description). We can gradually migrate
targets to print addresses instead of offsets.
In any case, downstream projects which don't know `Address` can pass 0 as
the argument.
Reviewed By: jhenderson
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D72172
MipsMCAsmInfo was using '$' prefix for Mips32 and '.L' for Mips64
regardless of -target-abi option. By passing MCTargetOptions to MCAsmInfo
we can find out Mips ABI and pick appropriate prefix.
Tags: #llvm, #clang, #lldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D66795
Summary:
As disscused in https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43219,
i believe it may be somewhat useful to show //some// aggregates
over all the sea of statistics provided.
Example:
```
Average Wait times (based on the timeline view):
[0]: Executions
[1]: Average time spent waiting in a scheduler's queue
[2]: Average time spent waiting in a scheduler's queue while ready
[3]: Average time elapsed from WB until retire stage
[0] [1] [2] [3]
0. 3 1.0 1.0 4.7 vmulps %xmm0, %xmm1, %xmm2
1. 3 2.7 0.0 2.3 vhaddps %xmm2, %xmm2, %xmm3
2. 3 6.0 0.0 0.0 vhaddps %xmm3, %xmm3, %xmm4
3 3.2 0.3 2.3 <total>
```
I.e. we average the averages.
Reviewers: andreadb, mattd, RKSimon
Reviewed By: andreadb
Subscribers: gbedwell, arphaman, llvm-commits
Tags: #llvm
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D68714
llvm-svn: 374361
Several LLVM tools write text files/streams without using OF_Text.
This can cause problems on platforms which distinguish between
text and binary output. This PR adds the OF_Text flag for the
following tools:
- llvm-dis
- llvm-dwarfdump
- llvm-mca
- llvm-mc (assembler files only)
- opt (assembler files only)
- RemarkStreamer (used e.g. by opt)
Reviewers: rnk, vivekvpandya, Bigcheese, andreadb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D67696
llvm-svn: 374024
This adds a -mattr flag to llvm-mca, for cases where the -mcpu option does not
contain all optional features.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D68190
llvm-svn: 373358
This patch introduces a cut-off threshold for dependency edge frequences with
the goal of simplifying the critical sequence computation. This patch also
removes the cost normalization for loop carried dependencies. We didn't really
need to artificially amplify the cost of loop-carried dependencies since it is
already computed as the integral over time of the delay (in cycle).
In the absence of backend stalls there is no need for computing a critical
sequence. With this patch we early exit from the critical sequence computation
if no bottleneck was reported during the simulation.
llvm-svn: 372337
Now that we've moved to C++14, we no longer need the llvm::make_unique
implementation from STLExtras.h. This patch is a mechanical replacement
of (hopefully) all the llvm::make_unique instances across the monorepo.
llvm-svn: 369013
Flag -show-encoding enables the printing of instruction encodings as part of the
the instruction info view.
Example (with flags -mtriple=x86_64-- -mcpu=btver2):
Instruction Info:
[1]: #uOps
[2]: Latency
[3]: RThroughput
[4]: MayLoad
[5]: MayStore
[6]: HasSideEffects (U)
[7]: Encoding Size
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Encodings: Instructions:
1 2 1.00 4 c5 f0 59 d0 vmulps %xmm0, %xmm1, %xmm2
1 4 1.00 4 c5 eb 7c da vhaddps %xmm2, %xmm2, %xmm3
1 4 1.00 4 c5 e3 7c e3 vhaddps %xmm3, %xmm3, %xmm4
In this example, column Encoding Size is the size in bytes of the instruction
encoding. Column Encodings reports the actual instruction encodings as byte
sequences in hex (objdump style).
The computation of encodings is done by a utility class named mca::CodeEmitter.
In future, I plan to expose the CodeEmitter to the instruction builder, so that
information about instruction encoding sizes can be used by the simulator. That
would be a first step towards simulating the throughput from the decoders in the
hardware frontend.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D65948
llvm-svn: 368432
This patch adds a new llvm-mca flag named -print-imm-hex.
By default, the instruction printer prints immediate operands as decimals. Flag
-print-imm-hex enables the instruction printer to print those operands in hex.
This patch also adds support for MASM binary and hex literal numbers (example
0FFh, 101b).
Added tests to verify the behavior of the new flag. Tests also verify that masm
numeric literal operands are now recognized.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D65588
llvm-svn: 367671
1. raw_ostream supports ANSI colors so that you can write messages to
the termina with colors. Previously, in order to change and reset
color, you had to call `changeColor` and `resetColor` functions,
respectively.
So, if you print out "error: " in red, for example, you had to do
something like this:
OS.changeColor(raw_ostream::RED);
OS << "error: ";
OS.resetColor();
With this patch, you can write the same code as follows:
OS << raw_ostream::RED << "error: " << raw_ostream::RESET;
2. Add a boolean flag to raw_ostream so that you can disable colored
output. If you disable colors, changeColor, operator<<(Color),
resetColor and other color-related functions have no effect.
Most LLVM tools automatically prints out messages using colors, and
you can disable it by passing a flag such as `--disable-colors`.
This new flag makes it easy to write code that works that way.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D65564
llvm-svn: 367649
This patch teaches the bottleneck analysis how to identify and print the most
expensive sequence of instructions according to the simulation. Fixes PR37494.
The goal is to help users identify the sequence of instruction which is most
critical for performance.
A dependency graph is internally used by the bottleneck analysis to describe
data dependencies and processor resource interferences between instructions.
There is one node in the graph for every instruction in the input assembly
sequence. The number of nodes in the graph is independent from the number of
iterations simulated by the tool. It means that a single node of the graph
represents all the possible instances of a same instruction contributed by the
simulated iterations.
Edges are dynamically "discovered" by the bottleneck analysis by observing
instruction state transitions and "backend pressure increase" events generated
by the Execute stage. Information from the events is used to identify critical
dependencies, and materialize edges in the graph. A dependency edge is uniquely
identified by a pair of node identifiers plus an instance of struct
DependencyEdge::Dependency (which provides more details about the actual
dependency kind).
The bottleneck analysis internally ranks dependency edges based on their impact
on the runtime (see field DependencyEdge::Dependency::Cost). To this end, each
edge of the graph has an associated cost. By default, the cost of an edge is a
function of its latency (in cycles). In practice, the cost of an edge is also a
function of the number of cycles where the dependency has been seen as
'contributing to backend pressure increases'. The idea is that the higher the
cost of an edge, the higher is the impact of the dependency on performance. To
put it in another way, the cost of an edge is a measure of criticality for
performance.
Note how a same edge may be found in multiple iteration of the simulated loop.
The logic that adds new edges to the graph checks if an equivalent dependency
already exists (duplicate edges are not allowed). If an equivalent dependency
edge is found, field DependencyEdge::Frequency of that edge is incremented by
one, and the new cost is cumulatively added to the existing edge cost.
At the end of simulation, costs are propagated to nodes through the edges of the
graph. The goal is to identify a critical sequence from a node of the root-set
(composed by node of the graph with no predecessors) to a 'sink node' with no
successors. Note that the graph is intentionally kept acyclic to minimize the
complexity of the critical sequence computation algorithm (complexity is
currently linear in the number of nodes in the graph).
The critical path is finally computed as a sequence of dependency edges. For
edges describing processor resource interferences, the view also prints a
so-called "interference probability" value (by dividing field
DependencyEdge::Frequency by the total number of iterations).
Examples of critical sequence computations can be found in tests added/modified
by this patch.
On output streams that support colored output, instructions from the critical
sequence are rendered with a different color.
Strictly speaking the analysis conducted by the bottleneck analysis view is not
a critical path analysis. The cost of an edge doesn't only depend on the
dependency latency. More importantly, the cost of a same edge may be computed
differently by different iterations.
The number of dependencies is discovered dynamically based on the events
generated by the simulator. However, their number is not fixed. This is
especially true for edges that model processor resource interferences; an
interference may not occur in every iteration. For that reason, it makes sense
to also print out a "probability of interference".
By construction, the accuracy of this analysis (as always) is strongly dependent
on the simulation (and therefore the quality of the information available in the
scheduling model).
That being said, the critical sequence effectively identifies a performance
criticality. Instructions from that sequence are expected to have a very big
impact on performance. So, users can take advantage of this information to focus
their attention on specific interactions between instructions.
In my experience, it works quite well in practice, and produces useful
output (in a reasonable amount time).
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D63543
llvm-svn: 364045
This patch slightly refactors data structures internally used by the bottleneck
analysis to track data and resource dependencies.
This patch also updates methods used to print out information about dependency
edges when in debug mode.
This is the last of a sequence of commits done in preparation for an upcoming
patch that fixes PR37494. No functional change intended.
llvm-svn: 363677
Bottleneck Analysis is one of the many views available in llvm-mca. Therefore,
it should be enabled when flag -all-views is passed in input to the tool.
llvm-svn: 362964
